Test 120 exam questions on Flight Performance and Planning for PPL(H)

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1 - What is the maximum pressure altitude to conduct a hover in ground effect if the helicopter mass equals 2400 lbs and the outside air temperature is +20° C? See annex (PFP-045) Siehe Anlage 13

9000 ft 11000 ft 9500 ft 8600 ft

2 - Calculated take-off mass = 2300 lbs, calculated CG = 95.75 in, fuel burn = 170 lbs on station 87.00 in. Where is the CG situated after the landing? 96.57 in 96.45 in 97.39 in 94.11 in

3 - How do manufacturers reduce the power output of their engines for use in helicopters? Adjust the ignition timing Decrease the shaft RPM Reduce the combustion chamber Limit the fuel flow

4 - Which section of the flight manual describes the power required of a helicopter in a hover? Performance Limitations Normal procedures Supplements

5 - What are the variable physical properties of the atmosphere that affect the helicopter performance? Temperature, pressure, and carbon content Temperature, pressure, and humidity Pressure, humidity, and specific gravity Pressure, humidity, and nitrogen content

6 - The term "moment" with regard to a mass and balance calculation is referred to as... Quotient of a mass and a balance arm. Difference of a mass and a balance arm. Sum of a mass and a balance arm. Product of a mass and a balance arm.

7 - The density of AVGAS 100LL at 15° C is... 1.0 kg/l 0.72 kg/l. 0.82 kg/l. 0.68 kg/l.

8 - The position of the center of gravity equals... See figure (PFP-052e) Siehe Anlage 1

142 in. 137.5 in. 147.5 in. 145.7 in.

9 - Which point indicates the speed for maximum range? See figure (PFP-044) Siehe Anlage 15

1 4 2 3

10 - Which point indicates the speed for maximum endurance? See figure (PFP-044) Siehe Anlage 15

1 4 2 3

11 - The distance between the center of gravity and the datum is called... Lever. Balance arm. Torque. Span width.

12 - The term "maximum elevation figure" (MEF) is defined as... The highest elevation within an area covering 30 minutes of latitude and 30 minutes of longitude. The highest elevation within an area covering 30 minutes of latitude and 30 minutes of longitude plus a safety margin, rounded to the next higher 100 ft. The highest elevation within an area covering 30 minutes of latitude and 30 minutes of longitude plus a safety margin of 1000 ft (305 m), rounded to the next higher 100 ft. The highest elevation within an area covering 1 degree of latitude and 1 degree of longitude plus a safety margin, rounded to the next lower 100 ft.

13 - A helicopter must be loaded and operated in such a way that the center of gravity (CG) stays within the approved limits during all phases of flight. This is done to ensure... That the helicopter does not stall. That the helicopter does not exceed the maximum permissible airspeed in a descent. That the helicopter does not tip over on its tail while it is being loaded. Both stability and controllability of the helicopter.

14 - The basic empty mass of an aircraft includes... The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation including crew, navigation instruments and engine cowling. The mass of the aeroplane plus standard items such as unusable fuel and other unusable liquids, lubricating oil in engine and auxiliary units, fire extinguishers, pyrotechnics, emergency oxygen equipment, supplementary electronic equipment. The total mass of an aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation including the required fuel and crew, but excluding traffic load. The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation excluding unusable fuel and traffic load. The mass includes items such as crew and crew baggage.

15 - For the purpose of a flight preparation the pilot calculates a total take-off mass of 725 kg and a total moment of 650 mmkg. Which cross marks the center of gravity (CG)? See annex (PFP-004) Siehe Anlage 4

2 1 3 4

16 - An aircraft must be loaded and operated in such a way that the center of gravity (CG) stays within the approved limits during all phases of flight. This is done to ensure... Both stability and controllability of the aircraft. That the aircraft does not exceed the maximum permissible airspeed during a descent. That the aircraft does not stall. That the aircraft does not tip over on its tail while it is being loaded.

17 - The empty weight and the corresponding center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft are initially determined... Through data provided by the aircraft manufacturer. For one aircraft of a type only, since all aircraft of the same type have the same mass and CG position. By weighing. By calculation.

18 - During an unaccelerated flight... The vertical component of thrust equals the horizontal component of thrust and drag equals gravity. The vertical component of thrust equals gravity and the horizontal component of thrust equals drag. The vertical component of thrust equals drag and the horizontal component of thrust equals gravity. The horizontal component of thrust equals the sum of drag and gravity.

19 - The center of gravity (CG) defines... The point on the longitudinal axis or its extension from which the centers of gravity of all masses are referenced. The point through which the force of gravity is said to act on a mass. The distance from the datum to the position of a mass. The product of mass and balance arm.

20 - What needs to be done to compensate a tail-heavy centre of gravity in a helicopter? Remove all unnecessary attachment parts and covers Remove unneeded equipment from the cockpit Add additional fuel to the fuel tank behind the main rotor mast Add additional load in the front of the helicopter cabin

21 - What must be considered for cross-border flights? Regular location messages Approved exceptions Transmission of hazard reports Requires flight plans

22 - What is the nature of the flight shown in the given ATC flight plan? See annex (PFP-051a) Siehe Anlage 11

Flight under instrument flight rules. Border crossing flight. Night flight under visual flight rules. Traffic pattern under visual flight rules.

23 - Loads must be adequately secured in order to... Allow steep turns. Prevent excessive 'g'-loading during the landing flare. Carry extra fuel. Avoid any centre of gravity (C.G.) movements.

24 - What is the never-exceed speed at 4000 feet pressure altitude, +10° C outside air temperature and a helicopter mass of 2300 lbs? See annex (PFP-046) Siehe Anlage 14

126 KIAS 116 KIAS 96 KIAS 130 KIAS

25 - During lift-off the helicopter rotates much more than expected. This indicates that... The helicopter is overloaded. The centre of gravity is much more aft than expected. The centre of hub is overhead of the centre of gravity. The power required equals the power available.

26 - (For this question, please use annex PFP-063) According ICAO, what symbol indicates a general spot elevation? (2,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 18

C A B D

27 - The VFR semicircular rules are based on the... Magnetic course (MC). True heading (TH). True course (TC). Magnetic heading (MH).

28 - What is the lowest possible VFR flight level if a true course of 181° is selected and a variation of 3° east exists? FL 065 FL 060 FL 055 FL 050

29 - During a flight, a flight plan can be filed at the... Search and Rescue Service (SAR). Aeronautical Information Service (AIS). Next airport operator en-route. Flight Information Service (FIS).

30 - (For this question, please use annex PFP-062) According ICAO, what symbol indicates a civil airport (not international airport) with paved runway? (2,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 17

B C D A

31 - What is the purpose of "interception lines" in visual navigation? To mark the next available en-route airport during the flight They are used as easily recognizable guidance upon a possible loss of orientation They help to continue the flight when flight visibility drops below VFR minima To visualize the range limitation from the departure aerodrome

32 - A helicopter approach is conducted into the wind because... It reduces groundspeed and increases the landing distance. It increases the true airspeed and decreases the landing distance. This provides more control at low groundspeeds. This avoids wake turbulence near the touchdown zone.

33 - What is the maximum helicopter mass to conduct a departure at 8000 feet pressure altitude and an outside air temperature of +20° C? Max. gross mass: 2500 lbs. Min. gross mass: 1600 lbs. See annex (PFP-045) Siehe Anlage 13

1950 lbs 2500 lbs 1550 lbs 2460 lbs

34 - When landing, if the TAS is significantly less than the ground speed, you will have... Headwind. Crosswind. An inversion. Tailwind.

35 - Given values: Calculated take-off mass = 746 kg calculated CG = 37.1 cm fuel burn = 30.5 l on station 45 cm. Where is the CG situated after the landing? 37.5 cm 36.3 cm 36.9 cm 37.2 cm

36 - The power output of a turbine engine is limited by... Auxiliary equipment rack and exhaust system in multi-shaft turbine engines. Compressor RPM, turbine inlet temperature, and main rotor gearbox. Fuel type, burn rate, and exhaust system. Freewheel unit and main rotor gearbox in single-shaft turbine engines.

37 - The result of a front C.G. position is: 1. Increase in stability. 2. Increase in fuel consumption. 3. Increase in stall speed. 4. Increase in range. .2, 3, 4 .1, 2 .2, 4 .1, 2, 3

38 - The term "center of gravity" is defined as... The heaviest point on an aeroplane. Another designation for the neutral point. The point at which the total mass of the aeroplane is considered to act. Half the distance between the neutral point and the datum line.

39 - (For this question, please use annex PFP-061) According ICAO, what symbol indicates a group of unlighted obstacles? (2,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 16

D C A B

40 - Up to which altitude is an overflight prohibited according to the NOTAM? See figure (PFP-024) Siehe Anlage 10

Height 9500 ft Flight Level 95 Altitude 9500 ft MSL Altitude 9500 m MSL

41 - What is the maximum helicopter mass to conduct a hover in ground effect at 9000 feet pressure altitude and an outside air temperature of +10° C? See annex (PFP-045) Siehe Anlage 13

2410 kg 2410 lb 2360 kg 2360 lb

42 - The position of the center of gravity (including fuel) equals... See figure(PFP-053e) Siehe Anlage 2

0.403 m. 37.3 cm. 37.1 cm. 0.401 m.

43 - The total weight of an aeroplane is acting vertically through the... Center of gravity. Center of pressure. Neutral point. Stagnation point.

44 - The upper limit of LO R 4 equals... See annex (PFP-030) Siehe Anlage 8

4.500 ft MSL. 1.500 ft AGL. 1.500 ft MSL. 4.500 ft AGL.

45 - Which section of the flight manual describes the centre of gravity limitations of a helicopter? Limitations Normal procedures Performance Supplements

46 - During a flight with a flight plan submitted, landing is conducted at an airfield other than the destination stated in the filed flight plan. Who has to be contacted by the pilot immediately? The police department Aeronatical Information Service (AIS). The flight manager on duty. Local office for aereal supervision.

47 - Which factor has a positive effect on the power required? Unleaded fuel Clean blades Icy helicopter airframe High density altitude

48 - The upper limit of LO R 16 equals... See annex (PFP-056) Siehe Anlage 7

1 500 ft MSL. 1 500 m MSL. 1.500 ft GND. FL150.

49 - How much taxi fuel must be consumed before take-off to reduce the aircraft mass to the maximum take-off mass? Maximum ramp mass (MRM): 1150 kg Actual ramp mass: 1148 kg Maximum take-off mass (MTOM): 1145 kg 3 L 4 L 2 L 5 L

50 - The specified speed in the ATS flight plan equals: See annex (PFP-051) Siehe Anlage 12

100 m/h. 100 kt. 100 km/h. 1000 kt.

51 - What needs to observed regarding ice formation during the flight? An increase in mass and drag and a significant lift reduction An increase in both drag and lift coefficient due to a mass increase An increase in mass and a decrease in drag An increase in mass and a reduced rate of descent

52 - The required data for a mass and balance calculation including masses and balance arms can be found in the... Documentation of the annual inspection. Mass and balance section of the pilot's operating handbook of this particular aircraft. Performance section of the pilot's operating handbook of this particular aircraft. Certificate of airworthiness.

53 - The maximum endurance with a helicopter is achieved by flying at... A lower speed than for maximum range and at the lowest altitude that is safely possible. The same speed as for maximum range and at optimum height. A lower speed than for maximum range and at the service ceiling. A higher speed than for maximum range and at the lowest altitude that is safely possible.

54 - The term "FATO" is defined as... A treaty between federal organizations. An area for final approach and take-off for helicopters. A noise abatement procedure for VFR traffic. A missed approach procedure for essential traffic.

55 - Baggage and cargo must be properly stowed and fastened, otherwise a shift of the cargo may cause... Structural damage, angle of attack stability, velocity stability. Uncontrollable attitudes, structural damage, risk of injuries. Calculable instability if the C.G. is shifting by less than 10 %. Continuous attitudes which can be corrected by the pilot using the flight controls.

56 - What needs to be observed in conjunction with a flight on a hot day? Thermal updraft should be used over uninhabited areas Low density of the provided fuel should be observed during refueling Outside air temperature and pressure altitude should be considered in particular Air-fuel mixture in the climb and cruise should be fully enriched

57 - For the purpose of a flight preparation, the pilot calculates a total take-off mass of 750 kg and a total moment of 625 mmkg. Which cross marks the center of gravity (CG)? See annex (PFP-003) Siehe Anlage 3

1 3 4 2

58 - A flight plan has been files for a flight departing at an uncontrolled aerodrome. When has the actual take-off time been transmitted to ATC? At deviation from expected off-block time by more than 15 min. Immediately after take-off. When landing is assured. Upon request from ATC.

59 - What mass equals 102 litres of Avgas 100LL? 74 lbs 142 lbs 142 kg 74 kg

60 - The term "balance arm" in the context of a mass and balance calculation defines the... Point through which the force of gravity is said to act on a mass. Point on the longitudinal axis of an aeroplane or its extension from which the centers of gravity of all masses are referenced. Distance of a mass from the center of gravity. Distance from the datum to the center of gravity of a mass.

61 - Which section of the flight manual describes the basic empty mass of an aircraft? Limitations Normal procedures Performance Weight and balance

62 - Which actions should be taken if the orientation is lost during helicopter flight operations? Return to the departure aerodrome and reorientate from there Continue the flight in any direction until the navigation can be resumed Continue with planned heading to the next interception line and reorientate from there According the Warsaw convention orientation triangles must be flown

63 - Considering the following fuel data, how much trip fuel is required? Fuel for start-up and taxi: 5 L Fuel for take-off and climb: 12 L Fuel for cruise flight: 25 L Fuel for descent, approach and landing: 7 L Fuel for taxi and parking: 3 L Fuel to alternate: 13 L Final reserve fuel: 10 L 75 L 49 L 44 L 52 L

64 - The EOBT (estimated off-block time) is specified in the ATS flight plan as... Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Local Mean Time (LMT). Standard Time (ST). Central European Time (CET).

65 - The power output of a piston engine is limited by... Exhaust system. Main rotor gearbox. Crankcase. Centrifugal clutch.

66 - What factor is affected by headwind during a departure? Rate of climb Climb path angle Vx Vy.

67 - Exceeding the maximum allowed aircraft mass is... Only relevant if the excess is more than 10 %. Exceptionally permissible to avoid delays. Exceptionally permissible to avoid delays. Not permissible and essentially dangerous.

68 - For the purpose of a flight preparation the pilot calculates a total take-off mass of 775 kg and a total moment of 700 mmkg. Which cross marks the center of gravity (CG)? See annex (PFP-005) Siehe Anlage 5

4 3 2 1

69 - For a given fuel load, if the helicopter mass is increased... The normal fuel burn will be increased. The power required will be unchanged. The maximum range will be decreased. The parasite drag will be unchanged.

70 - When preparing to carry out the weighing procedure on an aircraft, which of the following is required? Remove the batteries Remove service equipment Drain all engine tank oil Drain all useable fuel

71 - Calculated take-off mass = 1082 kg, calculated CG = 0.254 m, fuel burn = 55 l on station 0.40 m. Where is the CG situated after the landing? 24.8 cm 25.2 cm 24.6 cm 25.4 cm

72 - What document contains information about the fuel consumption? Mass and balance report Log book Flight manual (POH) Airworthiness certificate

73 - According to the aeronautical chart, Friesach/Hirt (LOKH) has a 707 m grass runway. Prevailing runway is 17 due to a surface wind of 18010KT. The required landing distance for your aircraft under present conditions is 550 m. Considering the NOTAM below ,is it safe to plan LOKH as an alternate aerodrome? See figure (PFP-026) Siehe Anlage 9

No. Yes. Don't know. Maybe.

74 - Why does the VNE decrease with increasing pressure altitude? The groundspeed (GS) decreases The rotor thrust exceeds the permissible structure limitations The true airspeed (TAS) increases The tail rotor effectiveness does not provide directional stability

75 - Increasing a helicopter's mass will... Increase the climb path angle. Decrease the rate of climb. Increase the lift coefficient. Decrease the power available.

76 - The conversion factor from kilogram [kg] into pounds [lb] is... Kg / 2.205 = lb. Kg x 2.205 = lb. Kg x 0.454 = lb. Kg x 2 = lb.

77 - The term "datum" with regard to a mass and balance calculation defines... The distance from the reference plane to the center of gravity of an aircraft. The point on the longitudinal axis of an aeroplane or its extension from which the centers of gravity of all masses are referenced. The point on the vertical axis of an aeroplane or its extension from which the centers of gravity of all masses are referenced. The point on the lateral axis of an aeroplane or its extension from which the centers of gravity of all masses are referenced.

78 - The center of gravity has to be located... Behind the rear C.G. limit. Right of the lateral C. G. limit. Between the front and the rear C.G. limit. In front of the front C.G. limit.

79 - The balance arm is the horizontal distance between... The C.G. of a mass and the datum line. The C.G. of a mass and the rear C.G. limit. The front C.G. limit and the datum line. The front C.G. limit and the rear C.G. limit.

80 - What is the message of the NOTAM shown below? B7938/11 NOTAMN Q) LECB/QMRLC/IV/NBO/A /000/999/3933N00244E005 A) LEPA B) 1111212200 C) 1111220500 E) RWY 24L/06R CLOSED Runway 24L/06R at Palma de Mallorca (LEPA) airport will be closed from November 21st 2011 2200 local time until November 22nd 2011 0500 local time Runway 24L/06R at Palma de Mallorca (LEPA) airport will be closed from November 21st 2011 2200 UTC until November 22nd 2011 0500 UTC Runway 24L/06R at Palma de Mallorca (LEPA) airport will be closed from present time (000) indefinitely (999) Runway 24L/06R at Cataluña/Barcelona (LECB) airport will be closed from November 21st 2011 2200 UTC until November 22nd 2011 0500 UTC

81 - What needs to be observed if the carburettor heat is applied in a hover? Gain of power Loss of power Reduction of pre-ignition Increase of rotor rpm

82 - Which is the most recently determined empty mass and the associated center of gravity (CG) arm from the aircraft documentation? See annex (PFP-006) Siehe Anlage 6

512 kg; 285.39 m 4 kg; 1.1 m 5 kg; 1.3 m 498 kg; 280.59 m

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Exam simulation Flight Performance and Planning PPL(H) - Private Pilot License

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