Exam quiz Meteorology - PPL(H) - Private Pilot License

Question 1

Mountain side updrafts can be intensified by ...

Accepted Answer

Solar irradiation on the windward side

Answer

By warming of upper atmospheric layers

Answer

Thermal radiation of the windward side during the night

Answer

Solar irradiation on the lee side

Question 2

What is the usual direction of movement of a polar front low?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the the warm-sector isobars

Answer

To the northeast during winter, to the southeast during summer

Answer

To the northwest during winter, to the southwest during summer

Answer

Parallel to the warm front line to the south

Question 3

Winds blowing uphill are defined as...

Accepted Answer

Anabatic winds.

Answer

Subsident winds.

Answer

Katabatic winds.

Answer

Convergent winds.

Question 4

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart.

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart.

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

Question 5

The barometric altimeter with QFE setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Answer

Height above MSL.

Question 6

What change of wind direction can be expected during the passage of a polar front low in Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Question 7

Extensive high pressure areas can be found throughout the year ...

Accepted Answer

Over oceanic areas at latitues around 30°N/S.

Answer

In areeas showing extensive lifting processes.

Answer

In tropical areas, close to the equator.

Answer

In mid latitudes along the polar front

Question 8

Which type of ice forms by large, supercooled droplets hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Answer

Mixed ice

Question 9

Moderate to severe turbulence has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

On the lee side of a mountain range when rotor clouds are present.

Answer

Below thick cloud layers on the windward side of a mountain range.

Answer

Overhead unbroken cloud layers.

Answer

With the appearance of extended low stratus clouds (high fog)

Question 10

Which type of ice forms by very small water droplets and ice crystals hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Mixed ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Question 11

Which weather chart shows the actual air pressure as in MSL along with pressure centers and fronts?

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart

Answer

Wind chart

Question 12

What weather conditions in Central Europe are typically found in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Large isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Large isobar spacing with strong prevailing westerly winds

Answer

Small isobar spacing with strong prevailing northerly winds

Answer

Small isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Question 13

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Answer

Electrical discharge

Question 14

Clouds in high layers are referred to as...

Accepted Answer

Cirro-.

Answer

Nimbo-.

Answer

Strato-.

Answer

Alto-.

Question 15

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

Question 16

How does air temperatur change in ISA from MSL to approx. 10.000 m height?

Accepted Answer

From +15° to -50°C

Answer

From +30° to -40°C

Answer

From +20° to -40°C

Answer

From -15° to 50°C

Question 17

Heavy downdrafts and strong wind shear close to the ground can be expected...

Accepted Answer

Near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms

Answer

During approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.

Answer

During warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds.

Answer

During cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.

Question 18

What clouds and weather may result from an humid and instable air mass, that is pushed against a chain of mountains by the predominant wind and forced to rise?

Accepted Answer

Embedded CB with thunderstorms and showers of hail and/or rain.

Answer

Thin Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds with light and steady precipitation.

Answer

Overcast low stratus (high fog) with no precipitation.

Answer

Smooth, unstructured NS cloud with light drizzle or snow (during winter)

Question 19

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Low spread

Answer

Calm wind

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Question 20

What weather conditions can be expected during "Foehn" on the windward side of a mountain range?

Accepted Answer

Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain

Answer

Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)

Answer

Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds

Question 21

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Question 22

What type of turbulence is typically found close to the ground on the lee side during Foehn conditions?

Accepted Answer

Turbulence in rotors

Answer

Thermal turbulence

Answer

Clear-air turbulence (CAT)

Answer

Inversion turbulence

Question 23

With regard to thunderstorms, strong up- and downdrafts appear during the...

Accepted Answer

Mature stage.

Answer

Initial stage.

Answer

Dissipating stage.

Answer

Thunderstorm stage.

Question 24

Which processes result in decreasing air density?

Accepted Answer

Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Answer

Increasing temperature, increasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, increasing pressure

Question 25

Under which conditions "back side weather" ("Rückseitenwetter") can be expected?

Accepted Answer

After passing of a cold front

Answer

After passing of a warm front

Answer

During Foehn at the lee side

Answer

Before passing of an occlusion

Question 26

What has to be considered when taking off in a ground inversion?

Accepted Answer

During climb, a sudden decrease in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Answer

Due to low temperatures close to the ground, icing has to be expected

Answer

Climb should be performed with the lowest possible speed and maximum power

Answer

During the climb, a sudden increase in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Question 27

SIGMET warnings are issued for...

Accepted Answer

FIRs / UIRs.

Answer

Specific routings.

Answer

Countries.

Answer

Airports.

Question 28

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 29

The symbol labeled (2) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Occlusion.

Answer

Front aloft.

Answer

Cold front.

Question 30

What factors may indicate a tendency to fog formation?

Accepted Answer

Low spread, decreasing temperature

Answer

Low spread, increasing temperature

Answer

Low pressure, increasing temperature

Answer

Strong winds, decreasing temperature

Question 31

What weather conditions may be expected during conditionally unstable conditions?

Accepted Answer

Towering cumulus, isolated showers of rain or thunderstorms

Answer

Layered clouds up to high levels, prolonged rain or snow

Answer

Sky clear of clouds, sunshine, low winds

Answer

Shallow cumulus clouds with base at medium levels

Question 32

What wind is reportet as 225/15 ?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Question 33

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Answer

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Question 34

What frontal line divides subtropical air from polar cold air, in particular across Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Polar front

Answer

Occlusion

Answer

Warm front

Answer

Cold front

Question 35

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Accepted Answer

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Answer

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Answer

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Answer

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Question 36

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during winter?

Accepted Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Question 37

What pressure pattern can be observed when a cold front is passing?

Accepted Answer

Shortly decreasing, thereafter increasing pressure

Answer

Continually increasing pressure

Answer

Continually decreasing pressure

Answer

Constant pressure pattern

Question 38

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Answer

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Answer

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

Answer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As

Question 39

What is the gas composition of "air"?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen 21 % Nitrogen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 21 % Water vapour 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 78 % Water vapour 21 % Nitrogen 1 %

Answer

Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Question 40

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-004). Siehe Anlage 3

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulus

Question 41

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Question 42

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Question 43

What type of fog emerges if humid and almost saturated air, is forced to rise upslope of hills or shallow mountains by the prevailling wind?

Accepted Answer

Orographic fog

Answer

Steaming fog

Answer

Radiation fog

Answer

Advection fog

Question 44

Which of the following conditions are most favourable for ice accretion?

Accepted Answer

Temperatures between 0° C and -12° C, presence of supercooled water droplets (clouds)

Answer

Temperaturs below 0° C, strong wind, sky clear of clouds

Answer

Temperatures between -20° C and -40° C, presence of ice crystals (Ci clouds)

Answer

Temperatures between +10° C and -30° C, presence of hail (clouds)

Question 45

What information can be found in the ATIS, but not in a METAR?

Accepted Answer

Operational information such as runway in use and transition level

Answer

Information about current weather, for example types of precipitation

Answer

Approach information, such as ground visibility and cloud base

Answer

Information about mean wind speeds, maximum speeds in gusts if applicable

Question 46

In a METAR, "(moderate) showers of rain" are designated by the identifier...

Accepted Answer

SHRA.

Answer

TS

Answer

.+RA.

Answer

.+TSRA.

Question 47

The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of...

Accepted Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° / 1000 ft.

Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Question 48

What process results in the formation of "advection fog"?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across cold ground areas

Answer

Cold, moist air is being moved across warm ground areas

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 49

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Kelvin

Question 50

What pressure pattern may result from cold-air inflow in high tropospheric layers?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a low in the upper troposphere

Answer

Alternating pressure

Answer

Formation of a large ground low

Answer

Formation of a high in the upper troposphere

Question 51

Light turbulence always has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

Below cumulus clouds due to thermal convection.

Answer

Above cumulus clouds due to thermal convection.

Answer

When entering inversions.

Answer

Below stratiform clouds in medium layers.

Question 52

A boundary between a cold polar air mass and a warm subtropical air mass showing no horizontal displacement is called...

Accepted Answer

Stationary front.

Answer

Warm front

Answer

Occluded front.

Answer

Cold front.

Question 53

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meets subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the geographic poles

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Answer

At the equator

Question 54

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Question 55

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate should be assumed with a mean value of:

Accepted Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° C / 1000 ft.

Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

0° C / 100 m.

Question 56

With other factors remaining constant, decreasing temperature results in...

Accepted Answer

Decreasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Answer

Decreasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Question 57

The "spread" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Difference between actual temperature and dew point.

Answer

Relation of actual to maximum possible humidity of air.

Answer

Difference between dew point and condensation point

Answer

Maximum amount of water vapour that can be contained in air.

Question 58

The character of an air mass is given by what properties?

Accepted Answer

Region of origin and track during movement

Answer

Environmental lapse rate at origin

Answer

Temperatures at origin and present region

Answer

Wind speed and tropopause height

Question 59

Cold air inflow in high tropospheric layers may result in...

Accepted Answer

Showers and thunderstorms.

Answer

Stabilisation and calm weather.

Answer

Frontal weather.

Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation.

Question 60

What process results in the formation of "orographic fog" ("hill fog")?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across a hill or a mountain range

Answer

Evaporation from warm, moist ground area into very cold air

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 61

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is...

Accepted Answer

Lower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Proportional to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Higher than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Equal to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Question 62

What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

Accepted Answer

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Answer

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

Answer

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Answer

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

Question 63

What is meant by "isothermal layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Question 64

Given the following information, what is the true altitude? (rounded to the nearest 50 ft) QNH: 983 hPa Altitude: FL 85 Outside Air Temperature: ISA - 10°

Accepted Answer

7300 ft

Answer

7600 ft

Answer

7900 ft

Answer

9400 ft

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