Exam quiz Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

When air masses meet each other head on, how is this referred to and what air movements will follow?

Accepted Answer

Convergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Divergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Convergence resulting in sinking air

Answer

Divergence resulting in sinking air

Question 2

What type of cloud indicates thermal updrafts?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Lenticularis

Question 3

The character of an air mass is given by what properties?

Accepted Answer

Region of origin and track during movement

Answer

Wind speed and tropopause height

Answer

Environmental lapse rate at origin

Answer

Temperatures at origin and present region

Question 4

While planning a 500 km triangle flight, there is a squall line 100 km west of the departure airfield, extending from north to south, moving east. Concerning the weather situation, what decision would be recommendable?

Accepted Answer

To postpone the flight to another day

Answer

To change plans and start the triangle heading east

Answer

To plan the flight below cloud base of the thunderstorms

Answer

During flight, to look for spacing between thunderstorms

Question 5

What danger is most imminent during an approach to an airfield situated in a valley, with strong wind aloft blowing perpendicular to the mountain ridge?

Accepted Answer

Wind shear during descent, wind direction may change by 180°

Answer

Reduced visibility, maybe loss of sight to the airfield during final approach

Answer

Formation of medium to heavy clear ice on all aircraft surfaces

Answer

Heavy downdrafts within rainfall areas below thunderstorm clouds

Question 6

"Foehn" conditions usually develop with...

Accepted Answer

Stability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Answer

Instability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Stability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Instability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Question 7

What weather phenomena have to be expected around an upper-level trough?

Accepted Answer

Development of showers and thunderstorms (Cb)

Answer

Calm weather, formation of lifted fog layers

Answer

Calm wind, forming of shallow cumulus clouds

Answer

Formation of high stratus clouds, ground-covering cloud bases

Question 8

What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?

Accepted Answer

Variable winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering

Answer

Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing

Answer

Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds

Question 9

What change in thermal activity may be expected with cirrus clouds coming up from one direction and becoming more dense, blocking the sun?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus clouds prevent insolation and impair thermal activity.

Answer

Cirrus clouds may intensify insolation and improve thermal activity

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate an high-level inversion with thermal activity ongoing up to that level

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate instability and beginning of over-development

Question 10

SIGMET warnings are issued for...

Accepted Answer

FIRs / UIRs

Answer

Specific routings

Answer

Countries

Answer

Airports

Question 11

Which processes result in decreasing air density?

Accepted Answer

Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, increasing pressure

Answer

Increasing temperature, increasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Question 12

What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

Accepted Answer

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Answer

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

Answer

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Answer

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

Question 13

Which type of ice forms by large, supercooled droplets hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Mixed ice

Question 14

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

Question 15

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Answer

Widespread spreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Question 16

What clouds and weather may result from a humid and unstable air mass, that is pushed against a chain of mountains by the predominant wind and forced to rise?

Accepted Answer

Embedded CB with thunderstorms and showers of hail and/or rain.

Answer

Smooth, unstructured NS cloud with light drizzle or snow (during winter).

Answer

Thin Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds with light and steady precipitation.

Answer

Overcast low stratus (high fog) with no precipitation.

Question 17

The temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere according to ISA is...

Accepted Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Answer

1° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

3° C / 100 m.

Question 18

How do spread and relative humidity change with increasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity increases

Question 19

What cloud type can typically be observed across widespread high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Scattered Cu clouds

Answer

Overcast low stratus

Answer

Overcast Ns clouds

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Question 20

The "spread" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Difference between actual temperature and dew point.

Answer

Difference between dew point and condensation point.

Answer

Relation of actual to maximum possible humidity of air

Answer

Maximum amount of water vapour that can be contained in air.

Question 21

Which type of ice forms by very small water droplets and ice crystals hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Mixed ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Question 22

What change of wind direction can be expected during the passage of a polar front low in Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Question 23

What is the usual direction of movement of a polar front low?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the warm-sector isobars

Answer

To the northeast during winter, to the southeast during summer

Answer

Parallel to the warm front line to the south

Answer

To the northwest during winter, to the southwest during summer

Question 24

What weather conditions can be expected during "Foehn" on the windward side of a mountain range?

Accepted Answer

Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain

Answer

Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds

Answer

Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)

Answer

Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms

Question 25

Regarding the type of cloud, precipitation is classified as...

Accepted Answer

Rain and showers of rain

Answer

Showers of snow and rain

Answer

Prolonged rain and continuous rain

Answer

Light and heavy precipitation

Question 26

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Question 27

Moderate to severe turbulence has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

On the lee side of a mountain range when rotor clouds are present.

Answer

Below thick cloud layers on the windward side of a mountain range.

Answer

Overhead unbroken cloud layers.

Answer

With the appearance of extended low stratus clouds (high fog).

Question 28

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Electrical discharge

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Question 29

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Question 30

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Question 31

The symbol labeled (2) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005)

Accepted Answer

Warm front

Answer

Front aloft

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Occlusion

Question 32

Mountain side updrafts can be intensified by ...

Accepted Answer

Solar irradiation on the windward side

Answer

Solar irradiation on the lee side

Answer

Thermal radiation of the windward side during the night

Answer

Warming of upper atmospheric layers

Question 33

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate should be assumed with a mean value of:

Accepted Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° C / 1000 ft.

Answer

0° C / 100 m.

Question 34

The term "beginning of thermals" refers to the moment when thermal intensity...

Accepted Answer

Becomes usable for gliding and reaches up to 600 m AGL.

Answer

Becomes usable for cross-country gliding by formation of Cu clouds.

Answer

Becomes usable for gliding and reaches up to 1200 m MSL.

Answer

Reaches up to 600 m AGL and forms Cumulus clouds.

Question 35

How do dew point and relative humidity change with decreasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Dew point decreases, relative humidity increases

Answer

Dew point increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Question 36

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 37

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Question 38

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Question 39

Cold air inflow in high tropospheric layers may result in...

Accepted Answer

Showers and thunderstorms

Answer

Frontal weather

Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation

Answer

Stabilisation and calm weather

Question 40

The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of...

Accepted Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° / 1000 ft.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Question 41

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Calm wind

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Answer

Low spread

Question 42

The symbol labeled (1) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005)

Accepted Answer

Cold front

Answer

Front aloft

Answer

Occlusion

Answer

Warm front

Question 43

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 44

The movement of air flowing together is called...

Accepted Answer

Convergence.

Answer

Subsidence.

Answer

Confluence.

Answer

Divergence.

Question 45

Clouds in high layers are referred to as...

Accepted Answer

Cirro-.

Answer

Strato-.

Answer

Nimbo-.

Answer

Alto-.

Question 46

What is the mean height of the tropopause according to ISA (ICAO Standard Atmosphere)?

Accepted Answer

11000 m

Answer

11000 ft

Answer

18000 ft

Answer

36000 m

Question 47

What temperatures are most dangerous with respect to airframe icing?

Accepted Answer

0° to -12° C

Answer

+20° to -5° C

Answer

-20° to -40° C

Answer

.+5° to -10° C

Question 48

What situation is referred to as "shielding"?

Accepted Answer

High or mid-level cloud layers, impairing thermal activity

Answer

Ns clouds, covering the windward side of a mountain range

Answer

Anvil-like structure at the upper levels of a thunderstorm cloud

Answer

Coverage of Cumulus clouds, stated as part of eights of the sky

Question 49

What phenomenon is referred to as "blue thermals"?

Accepted Answer

Thermals without formation of Cu clouds

Answer

Thermals with less than 4/8 Cu coverage

Answer

Descending air between Cumulus clouds

Answer

Turbulence in the vicinity of Cumulonimbus clouds

Question 50

How can wind speed and wind direction be derived from surface weather charts?

Accepted Answer

By alignment and distance of isobaric lines

Answer

By annotations from the text part of the chart

Answer

By alignment and distance of hypsometric lines

Answer

By alignment of lines of warm- and cold fronts.

Question 51

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Question 52

What type of turbulence is typically found close to the ground on the lee side during Foehn conditions?

Accepted Answer

Turbulence in rotors

Answer

Clear-air turbulence (CAT)

Answer

Inversion turbulence

Answer

Thermal turbulence

Question 53

What weather is likely to be experienced during "Foehn" in the Bavarian area close to the alps?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the southern alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind

Answer

Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the alps, flat pressure pattern

Answer

High pressure area overhead Biscay and low pressure area in Eastern Europe

Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the northern alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind

Question 54

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Ground cooling during the night.

Answer

Thickening of clouds in medium layers.

Answer

Large-scale lifting of air

Answer

Intensifying and gusting winds.

Question 55

How is an air mass described when moving to Central Europe via the Russian continent during winter?

Accepted Answer

Continental polar air

Answer

Maritime tropical air

Answer

Maritime polar air

Answer

Continental tropical air

Question 56

What danger is most imminent when an aircraft is hit by lightning?

Accepted Answer

Surface overheat and damage to exposed aircraft parts

Answer

Explosion of electrical equipment in the cockpit

Answer

Rapid cabin depressurization and smoke in the cabin

Answer

Disturbed radio communication, static noise signals

Question 57

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Question 58

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-002).

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altus

Question 59

The term "trigger temperature" is defined as the temperature which...

Accepted Answer

Must be obtained at ground level so Cumulus clouds can be formed by thermal lifts.

Answer

Is reached by a thermal lift during ascend when formation of Cumulus clouds begins.

Answer

Is the maximum temperature at ground level that can be reached without formation of a thunderstorm from a Cumulus cloud.

Answer

Is the minimum temperature at ground level that has to be reached so formation of a thunderstorm from a Cumulus cloud can occur.

Question 60

With other factors remaining constant, decreasing temperature results in...

Accepted Answer

Decreasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Answer

Decreasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Question 61

Which of the stated surfaces will reduce the wind speed most due to ground friction?

Accepted Answer

Mountainous areas, vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, lots of vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, deserted land, no vegetation

Answer

Oceanic areas

Question 62

What pressure pattern may result from cold-air inflow in high tropospheric layers?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a low in the upper troposphere

Answer

Alternating pressure

Answer

Formation of a large ground low

Answer

Formation of a high in the upper troposphere

Question 63

What weather conditions may be expected during conditionally unstable conditions?

Accepted Answer

Towering cumulus, isolated showers of rain or thunderstorms

Answer

Layered clouds up to high levels, prolonged rain or snow

Answer

Sky clear of clouds, sunshine, low winds

Answer

Shallow cumulus clouds with base at medium levels

Question 64

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Accepted Answer

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Answer

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Answer

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Answer

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Exam simulation Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

Exam simulation Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

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