Exam quiz Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

How do spread and relative humidity change with increasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity increases

Question 2

What factors may indicate a tendency to fog formation?

Accepted Answer

Low spread, decreasing temperature

Answer

Strong winds, decreasing temperature

Answer

Low pressure, increasing temperature

Answer

Low spread, increasing temperature

Question 3

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Question 4

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Electrical discharge

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Question 5

The symbol labeled (1) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005)

Accepted Answer

Cold front

Answer

Front aloft

Answer

Occlusion

Answer

Warm front

Question 6

What pressure pattern can be observed when a cold front is passing?

Accepted Answer

Shortly decreasing, thereafter increasing pressure

Answer

Continually increasing pressure

Answer

Continually decreasing pressure

Answer

Constant pressure pattern

Question 7

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Question 8

The movement of air flowing apart is called...

Accepted Answer

Divergence.

Answer

Convergence.

Answer

Concordence.

Answer

Subsidence.

Question 9

The movement of air flowing together is called...

Accepted Answer

Convergence.

Answer

Subsidence.

Answer

Confluence.

Answer

Divergence.

Question 10

What weather conditions may be expected during conditionally unstable conditions?

Accepted Answer

Towering cumulus, isolated showers of rain or thunderstorms

Answer

Layered clouds up to high levels, prolonged rain or snow

Answer

Sky clear of clouds, sunshine, low winds

Answer

Shallow cumulus clouds with base at medium levels

Question 11

Which answer contains every state of water found in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Liquid, solid, and gaseous

Answer

Liquid

Answer

Gaseous and liquid

Answer

Liquid and solid

Question 12

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meet subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the equator

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Answer

At the geographic poles

Question 13

The barometric altimeter with QNH setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above MSL

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 14

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-004).

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Question 15

What kind of reduction in visibility is not very sensitive to changes in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Haze (HZ)

Answer

Radiation fog (FG)

Answer

Mist (BR)

Answer

Patches of fog (BCFG)

Question 16

What wind is reported as 225/15?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Question 17

What weather phenomenon designated by "2" has to be expected on the lee side during "Foehn" conditions? See figure (MET-001).

Accepted Answer

Altocumulus lenticularis

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Altocumulus Castellanus

Answer

Nimbostratus

Question 18

What is referred to as mountain wind?

Accepted Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during the night

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during the night

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during daytime

Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during daytime

Question 19

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC)

Question 20

What change in thermal activity may be expected with cirrus clouds coming up from one direction and becoming more dense, blocking the sun?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus clouds prevent insolation and impair thermal activity.

Answer

Cirrus clouds may intensify insolation and improve thermal activity

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate an high-level inversion with thermal activity ongoing up to that level

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate instability and beginning of over-development

Question 21

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Ground cooling during the night.

Answer

Thickening of clouds in medium layers.

Answer

Large-scale lifting of air

Answer

Intensifying and gusting winds.

Question 22

What process results in the formation of "orographic fog" ("hill fog")?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across a hill or a mountain range

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Evaporation from warm, moist ground area into very cold air

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 23

When air masses meet each other head on, how is this referred to and what air movements will follow?

Accepted Answer

Convergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Divergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Convergence resulting in sinking air

Answer

Divergence resulting in sinking air

Question 24

Which type of ice forms by large, supercooled droplets hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Mixed ice

Question 25

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Calm wind

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Answer

Low spread

Question 26

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 27

The formation of medium to large precipitation particles requires...

Accepted Answer

Strong updrafts

Answer

An inversion layer

Answer

A high cloud base

Answer

Strong wind

Question 28

What information is NOT found on Low-Level Significant Weather Charts (LLSWC)?

Accepted Answer

Radar echos of precipitation

Answer

Information about icing conditions

Answer

Front lines and frontal displacements

Answer

Information about turbulence areas

Question 29

What information can be obtained from satellite images?

Accepted Answer

Overview of cloud covers and front lines

Answer

Turbulence and icing

Answer

Temperature and dew point of environmental air

Answer

Flight visibility, ground visibility, and ground contact

Question 30

What type of cloud indicates thermal updrafts?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Lenticularis

Question 31

Which of the following conditions are most favourable for ice accretion?

Accepted Answer

Temperatures between 0° C and -12° C, presence of supercooled water droplets (clouds)

Answer

Temperatures below 0° C, strong wind, sky clear of clouds

Answer

Temperatures between -20° C and -40° C, presence of ice crystals (Ci clouds)

Answer

Temperatures between +10° C and -30° C, presence of hail (clouds)

Question 32

What is meant by "isothermal layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Question 33

Light turbulence always has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

Below cumulus clouds due to thermal convection.

Answer

Above cumulus clouds due to thermal convection.

Answer

Below stratiform clouds in medium layers.

Answer

When entering inversions.

Question 34

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Question 35

What clouds and weather may result from a humid and unstable air mass, that is pushed against a chain of mountains by the predominant wind and forced to rise?

Accepted Answer

Embedded CB with thunderstorms and showers of hail and/or rain.

Answer

Smooth, unstructured NS cloud with light drizzle or snow (during winter).

Answer

Thin Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds with light and steady precipitation.

Answer

Overcast low stratus (high fog) with no precipitation.

Question 36

What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to strong updrafts

Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation

Answer

High humidity and high temperatures

Question 37

An inversion is a layer ...

Accepted Answer

With increasing temperature with increasing height

Answer

With constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

With increasing pressure with increasing height

Answer

With decreasing temperature with increasing height

Question 38

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Question 39

"Foehn" conditions usually develop with...

Accepted Answer

Stability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Answer

Instability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Stability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Instability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Question 40

What phenomenon is referred to as "blue thermals"?

Accepted Answer

Thermals without formation of Cu clouds

Answer

Thermals with less than 4/8 Cu coverage

Answer

Descending air between Cumulus clouds

Answer

Turbulence in the vicinity of Cumulonimbus clouds

Question 41

The temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere according to ISA is...

Accepted Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Answer

1° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

3° C / 100 m.

Question 42

Which force causes "wind"?

Accepted Answer

Pressure gradient force

Answer

Centrifugal force

Answer

Coriolis force

Answer

Thermal force

Question 43

What weather conditions in Central Europe are typically found in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Large isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Small isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Large isobar spacing with strong prevailing westerly winds

Answer

Small isobar spacing with strong prevailing northerly winds

Question 44

What is the gas composition of "air"?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen 21 % Nitrogen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 78 % Water vapour 21 % Nitrogen 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 21 % Water vapour 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Question 45

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Question 46

Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?

Accepted Answer

Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface

Answer

Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night

Answer

Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean

Answer

Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air

Question 47

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Accepted Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

The spread

Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

The absolute humidity

Question 48

What type of turbulence is typically found close to the ground on the lee side during Foehn conditions?

Accepted Answer

Turbulence in rotors

Answer

Clear-air turbulence (CAT)

Answer

Inversion turbulence

Answer

Thermal turbulence

Question 49

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Answer

Widespread spreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Question 50

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Accepted Answer

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Answer

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Answer

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Answer

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Question 51

What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?

Accepted Answer

Variable winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering

Answer

Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing

Answer

Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds

Question 52

What visual flight conditions can be expected after the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Good visibility, formation of cumulus clouds with showers of rain or snow

Answer

Poor visibility, formation of overcast or ground-covering stratus clouds, snow

Answer

Scattered cloud layers, visibility more than 5 km, formation of shallow cumulus clouds

Answer

Medium visibility with lowering cloud bases, onset of prolonged precipitation

Question 53

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Question 54

The character of an air mass is given by what properties?

Accepted Answer

Region of origin and track during movement

Answer

Wind speed and tropopause height

Answer

Environmental lapse rate at origin

Answer

Temperatures at origin and present region

Question 55

A boundary between a cold polar air mass and a warm subtropical air mass showing no horizontal displacement is called...

Accepted Answer

Stationary front

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Warm front

Answer

Occluded front

Question 56

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Answer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As.

Answer

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Answer

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

Question 57

Which of the stated surfaces will reduce the wind speed most due to ground friction?

Accepted Answer

Mountainous areas, vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, lots of vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, deserted land, no vegetation

Answer

Oceanic areas

Question 58

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during winter?

Accepted Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Question 59

The barometric altimeter with QFE setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation.

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Answer

Height above MSL.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 60

The term "beginning of thermals" refers to the moment when thermal intensity...

Accepted Answer

Becomes usable for gliding and reaches up to 600 m AGL.

Answer

Becomes usable for cross-country gliding by formation of Cu clouds.

Answer

Becomes usable for gliding and reaches up to 1200 m MSL.

Answer

Reaches up to 600 m AGL and forms Cumulus clouds.

Question 61

What situation is referred to as "shielding"?

Accepted Answer

High or mid-level cloud layers, impairing thermal activity

Answer

Ns clouds, covering the windward side of a mountain range

Answer

Anvil-like structure at the upper levels of a thunderstorm cloud

Answer

Coverage of Cumulus clouds, stated as part of eights of the sky

Question 62

What type of fog emerges if humid and almost saturated air, is forced to rise upslope of hills or shallow mountains by the prevailing wind?

Accepted Answer

Orographic fog

Answer

Advection fog

Answer

Steaming fog

Answer

Radiation fog

Question 63

What process results in the formation of "advection fog"?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across cold ground areas

Answer

Cold, moist air is being moved across warm ground areas

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Question 64

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

Accepted Answer

A selected reference pressure level.

Answer

Mean sea level.

Answer

Ground.

Answer

Standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Exam simulation Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

Exam simulation Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

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