Exam quiz Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

What is referred to as mountain wind?

Accepted Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during the night

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during the night.

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during daytime.

Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during daytime.

Question 2

"Foehn" conditions usually develop with...

Accepted Answer

Stability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Answer

Instability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Stability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Instability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Question 3

Heavy downdrafts and strong wind shear close to the ground can be expected...

Accepted Answer

Near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms.

Answer

During approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.

Answer

During cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.

Answer

During warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds.

Question 4

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is...

Accepted Answer

Lower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Equal to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Higher than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Proportional to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Question 5

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Answer

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Question 6

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate should be assumed with a mean value of:

Accepted Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° C / 1000 ft.

Answer

0° C / 100 m.

Question 7

The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of...

Accepted Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Answer

2° / 1000 ft.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Question 8

What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to strong updrafts

Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation

Answer

High humidity and high temperatures

Question 9

What is the usual direction of movement of a polar front low?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the the warm-sector isobars

Answer

To the northeast during winter, to the southeast during summer

Answer

Parallel to the warm front line to the south

Answer

To the northwest during winter, to the southwest during summer

Question 10

Which type of cloud is associated with prolonged rain?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Cirrostratus

Question 11

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart.

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart.

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

Question 12

Moderate to severe turbulence has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

On the lee side of a mountain range when rotor clouds are present.

Answer

Below thick cloud layers on the windward side of a mountain range.

Answer

Overhead unbroken cloud layers.

Answer

With the appearance of extended low stratus clouds (high fog).

Question 13

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Electrical discharge

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Question 14

Weather phenomena are most common to be found in which atmospheric layer?

Accepted Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Tropopause

Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Thermosphere

Question 15

Which of the following conditions are most favourable for ice accretion?

Accepted Answer

Temperatures between 0° C and -12° C, presence of supercooled water droplets (clouds)

Answer

Temperaturs below 0° C, strong wind, sky clear of clouds

Answer

Temperatures between -20° C and -40° C, presence of ice crystals (Ci clouds)

Answer

Temperatures between +10° C and -30° C, presence of hail (clouds)

Question 16

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

Accepted Answer

A selected reference pressure level.

Answer

Mean sea level.

Answer

Ground.

Answer

Standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 17

What weather is likely to be experienced during "Foehn" in the Bavarian area close to the alps?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the southern alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind

Answer

Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the alps, flat pressure pattern

Answer

High pressure area overhead Biskaya and low pressure area in Eastern Europe

Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the northern alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind

Question 18

SIGMET warnings are issued for...

Accepted Answer

FIRs / UIRs.

Answer

Specific routings.

Answer

Countries.

Answer

Airports.

Question 19

What is the mass of a "cube of air" with the edges 1 m long, at MSL according ISA?

Accepted Answer

1,225 kg

Answer

0,01225 kg

Answer

0,1225 kg

Answer

12,25 kg

Question 20

How can wind speed and wind direction be derived from surface weather charts?

Accepted Answer

By alignment and distance of isobaric lines

Answer

By annotations from the text part of the chart

Answer

By alignment and distance of hypsometric lines

Answer

By alignment of lines of warm- and cold fronts.

Question 21

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

Question 22

Which of the stated surfaces will reduce the wind speed most due to ground friction?

Accepted Answer

Mountainous areas, vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, lots of vegetation cover

Answer

Flat land, deserted land, no vegetation

Answer

Oceanic areas

Question 23

At what rate does the temperature change with increasing height according to ISA (ICAO Standard Atmosphere) within the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

Decreases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Answer

Increases by 2° C / 100 m

Answer

Decreases by 2° C / 100 m

Answer

Increases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Question 24

What frontal line divides subtropical air from polar cold air, in particular across Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Polar front

Answer

Warm front

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Occlusion

Question 25

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 26

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Accepted Answer

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Answer

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Answer

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Answer

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Question 27

Which stage of a thunderstorm is dominated by updrafts?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus stage

Answer

Dissipating stage

Answer

Mature stage

Answer

Upwind stage

Question 28

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Question 29

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Question 30

Clouds in high layers are referred to as...

Accepted Answer

Cirro-.

Answer

Strato-.

Answer

Nimbo-.

Answer

Alto-.

Question 31

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Question 32

What type of turbulence is typically found close to the ground on the lee side during Foehn conditions?

Accepted Answer

Turbulence in rotors

Answer

Clear-air turbulence (CAT)

Answer

Inversion turbulence

Answer

Thermal turbulence

Question 33

What type of fog emerges if humid and almost saturated air, is forced to rise upslope of hills or shallow mountains by the prevailling wind?

Accepted Answer

Orographic fog

Answer

Advection fog

Answer

Steaming fog

Answer

Radiation fog

Question 34

Which processes result in decreasing air density?

Accepted Answer

Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, increasing pressure

Answer

Increasing temperature, increasing pressure

Answer

Decreasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Question 35

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Ground cooling during the night.

Answer

Thickening of clouds in medium layers.

Answer

Large-scale lifting of air

Answer

Intensifying and gusting winds.

Question 36

The symbol labeled (2) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Front aloft.

Answer

Cold front.

Answer

Occlusion.

Question 37

What is the ISA standard pressure at FL 180 (5500 m)?

Accepted Answer

500 hPa

Answer

300 hPa

Answer

250 hPa

Answer

1013.25 hPa

Question 38

What type of cloud indicates thermal updrafts?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Lenticularis

Question 39

What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?

Accepted Answer

Variable winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering

Answer

Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing

Answer

Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds

Question 40

What information is NOT found on Low-Level Significant Weather Charts (LLSWC)?

Accepted Answer

Radar echos of precipitation

Answer

Information about icing conditions

Answer

Front lines and frontal displacements

Answer

Information about turbulence areas

Question 41

Which type of ice forms by very small water droplets and ice crystals hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Rime ice

Answer

Clear ice

Answer

Mixed ice

Answer

Hoar frost

Question 42

What situation is referred to as "shielding"?

Accepted Answer

High or mid-level cloud layers, impairing thermal activity

Answer

Ns clouds, covering the windward side of a mountain range

Answer

Anvil-like structure at the upper levels of a thunderstorm cloud

Answer

Coverage of Cumulus clouds, stated as part of eights of the sky

Question 43

Extensive high pressure areas can be found throughout the year ...

Accepted Answer

Over oceanic areas at latitues around 30°N/S.

Answer

In tropical areas, close to the equator.

Answer

In areeas showing extensive lifting processes.

Answer

In mid latitudes along the polar front

Question 44

Weather and operational information about the destination aerodrome can be obtained during the flight by...

Accepted Answer

ATIS.

Answer

PIREP

Answer

SIGMET

Answer

VOLMET.

Question 45

Above the friction layer, with a prevailing pressure gradient, the wind direction is...

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the isobars.

Answer

At an angle of 30° to the isobars towards low pressure.

Answer

Perpendicular to the isobars.

Answer

Perpendicular to the isohypses.

Question 46

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Calm wind

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Answer

Low spread

Question 47

How do spread and relative humidity change with increasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity increases

Question 48

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meets subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the equator

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Answer

At the geographic poles

Question 49

What change of wind direction can be expected during the passage of a polar front low in Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Question 50

Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?

Accepted Answer

Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface

Answer

Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night

Answer

Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean

Answer

Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air

Question 51

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-002). Siehe Anlage 2

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altus

Question 52

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Answer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As.

Answer

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Answer

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

Question 53

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Question 54

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Accepted Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

The spread

Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

The absolute humidity

Question 55

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Question 56

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-004). Siehe Anlage 3

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Question 57

While planning a 500 km triangle flight, there is a squall line 100 km west of the departure airfield, extending from north to south, moving east. Concerning the weather situation, what decision would be recommendable?

Accepted Answer

To postpone the flight to another day

Answer

To change plans and start the triangle heading east

Answer

To plan the flight below cloud base of the thunderstorms

Answer

During flight, to look for spacing between thunderstorms

Question 58

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Question 59

The symbol labeled (3) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Occlusion.

Answer

Cold front.

Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Front aloft.

Question 60

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 61

What wind is reportet as 225/15 ?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Question 62

In a METAR, "(moderate) showers of rain" are designated by the identifier...

Accepted Answer

SHRA.

Answer

.+TSRA

Answer

TS.

Answer

.+RA.

Question 63

An inversion is a layer ...

Accepted Answer

With increasing temperature with increasing height.

Answer

With constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

With increasing pressure with increasing height.

Answer

With decreasing temperature with increasing height.

Question 64

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Exam simulation Meteorology SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes