Exam quiz Meteorology - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

The symbol labeled (3) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Occlusion.

Answer

Cold front.

Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Front aloft.

Question 2

What is the mean height of the tropopause according to ISA (ICAO Standard Atmosphere)?

Accepted Answer

11000 m

Answer

11000 f

Answer

18000 ft

Answer

36000 m

Question 3

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during winter?

Accepted Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Question 4

What change in thermal activity may be expected with cirrus clouds coming up from one direction and becoming more dense, blocking the sun?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus clouds prevent insolation and impair thermal activity.

Answer

Cirrus clouds may intensify insolation and improve thermal activity

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate an high-level inversion with thermal activity ongoing up to that level

Answer

Cirrus clouds indicate instability and beginning of over-development

Question 5

What pressure pattern may result from cold-air inflow in high tropospheric layers?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a low in the upper troposphere

Answer

Alternating pressure

Answer

Formation of a large ground low

Answer

Formation of a high in the upper troposphere

Question 6

An inversion is a layer ...

Accepted Answer

With increasing temperature with increasing height.

Answer

With constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

With increasing pressure with increasing height.

Answer

With decreasing temperature with increasing height.

Question 7

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Question 8

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-002). Siehe Anlage 2

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altus

Question 9

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Question 10

The movement of air flowing apart is called...

Accepted Answer

Divergence.

Answer

Convergence.

Answer

Concordence.

Answer

Subsidence.

Question 11

SIGMET warnings are issued for...

Accepted Answer

FIRs / UIRs.

Answer

Specific routings.

Answer

Countries.

Answer

Airports.

Question 12

What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu

Answer

Changing weather with passing of frontal lines

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog

Question 13

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 14

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Answer

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Question 15

The height of the tropopause of the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is at...

Accepted Answer

36000 ft.

Answer

5500 ft

Answer

48000 ft.

Answer

11000 ft.

Question 16

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

Question 17

What weather conditions can be expected during "Foehn" on the windward side of a mountain range?

Accepted Answer

Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain

Answer

Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds

Answer

Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)

Answer

Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms

Question 18

With regard to thunderstorms, strong up- and downdrafts appear during the...

Accepted Answer

Mature stage.

Answer

Dissipating stage.

Answer

Initial stage.

Answer

Thunderstorm stage.

Question 19

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Question 20

Heavy downdrafts and strong wind shear close to the ground can be expected...

Accepted Answer

Near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms.

Answer

During approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.

Answer

During cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.

Answer

During warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds.

Question 21

What pressure pattern can be observed when a cold front is passing?

Accepted Answer

Shortly decreasing, thereafter increasing pressure

Answer

Continually increasing pressure

Answer

Continually decreasing pressure

Answer

Constant pressure pattern

Question 22

What chart shows areas of precipitation?

Accepted Answer

Radar picture

Answer

Satellite picture

Answer

Wind chart

Answer

GAFOR

Question 23

What wind is reportet as 225/15 ?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Question 24

The pressure at MSL in ISA conditions is...

Accepted Answer

1013.25 hPa.

Answer

113.25 hPa.

Answer

15 hPa.

Answer

1123 hPa.

Question 25

What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

Accepted Answer

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Answer

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

Answer

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Answer

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

Question 26

What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to strong updrafts

Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation

Answer

High humidity and high temperatures

Question 27

The barometric altimeter with QFE setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation.

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Answer

Height above MSL.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 28

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Question 29

The barometric altimeter with QNH setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above MSL

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 30

What is the mass of a "cube of air" with the edges 1 m long, at MSL according ISA?

Accepted Answer

1,225 kg

Answer

0,01225 kg

Answer

0,1225 kg

Answer

12,25 kg

Question 31

What weather phenomenon designated by "2" has to be expected on the lee side during "Foehn" conditions? See figure (MET-001). Siehe Anlage 1

Accepted Answer

Altocumulus lenticularis

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Altocumulus Castellanus

Question 32

What can be expected for the prevailling wind with isobars on a surface weather chart showing large distances?

Accepted Answer

Low pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind

Answer

Strong pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind

Answer

Strong pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind

Answer

Low pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind

Question 33

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Question 34

In a METAR, "(moderate) showers of rain" are designated by the identifier...

Accepted Answer

SHRA.

Answer

.+TSRA

Answer

TS.

Answer

.+RA.

Question 35

What visual flight conditions can be expected within the warm sector of a polar front low during summer time?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to good visibility, scattered clouds

Answer

Good visibility, some isolated high clouds

Answer

Visibilty less than 1000 m, cloud-covered ground

Answer

Moderate visibility, heavy showers and thunderstorms

Question 36

What process causes latent heat being released into the upper troposphere?

Accepted Answer

Cloud forming due to condensation

Answer

Descending air across widespread areas

Answer

Evaporation over widespread water areas

Answer

Stabilisation of inflowing air masses

Question 37

The formation of medium to large precipitation particles requires...

Accepted Answer

Strong updrafts.

Answer

An inversion layer.

Answer

A high cloud base.

Answer

Strong wind.

Question 38

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

Accepted Answer

A selected reference pressure level.

Answer

Mean sea level.

Answer

Ground.

Answer

Standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Question 39

"Foehn" conditions usually develop with...

Accepted Answer

Stability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Answer

Instability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Stability, high pressure area with calm wind.

Answer

Instability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge.

Question 40

Extensive high pressure areas can be found throughout the year ...

Accepted Answer

Over oceanic areas at latitues around 30°N/S.

Answer

In tropical areas, close to the equator.

Answer

In areeas showing extensive lifting processes.

Answer

In mid latitudes along the polar front

Question 41

What weather phenomena have to be expected around an upper-level trough?

Accepted Answer

Development of showers and thunderstorms (Cb)

Answer

Calm weather, formation of lifted fog layers

Answer

Calm wind, forming of shallow cumulus clouds

Answer

Formation of high stratus clouds, ground-covering cloud bases

Question 42

Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?

Accepted Answer

Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface

Answer

Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night

Answer

Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean

Answer

Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air

Question 43

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 44

What temperatures are most dangerous with respect to airframe icing?

Accepted Answer

0° to -12° C

Answer

.+20° to -5° C

Answer

.-20° to -40° C

Answer

.+5° to -10° C

Question 45

Which answer contains every state of water found in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Liquid, solid, and gaseous

Answer

Liquid

Answer

Gaseous and liquid

Answer

Liquid and solid

Question 46

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Electrical discharge

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Question 47

The temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere according ISA is...

Accepted Answer

0,65° C / 100 m.

Answer

1° C / 100 m.

Answer

0,6° C / 100 m.

Answer

3° C / 100 m.

Question 48

At what rate does the temperature change with increasing height according to ISA (ICAO Standard Atmosphere) within the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

Decreases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Answer

Increases by 2° C / 100 m

Answer

Decreases by 2° C / 100 m

Answer

Increases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Question 49

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-004). Siehe Anlage 3

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Question 50

The term "trigger temperature" is defined as the temperature which...

Accepted Answer

Must be obtained at ground level so Cumulus clouds can be formed by thermal lifts.

Answer

Is reached by a thermal lift during ascend when formation of Cumulus clouds begins.

Answer

Is the maximum temperature at ground level that can be reached without formation of a thunderstorm from a Cumulus cloud.

Answer

Is the minimum temperature at ground level that has to be reached so formation of a thunderstorm from a Cumulus cloud can occur.

Question 51

Information about pressure patterns and frontal situation can be found in which chart?

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart.

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC)

Answer

Wind chart.

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Question 52

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meets subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the equator

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Answer

At the geographic poles

Question 53

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is...

Accepted Answer

Lower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Equal to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Higher than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Answer

Proportional to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Question 54

What change of wind direction can be expected during the passage of a polar front low in Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Veering wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Answer

Backing wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front

Question 55

What process results in the formation of "orographic fog" ("hill fog")?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across a hill or a mountain range

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Evaporation from warm, moist ground area into very cold air

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 56

What cloud type can typically be observed across widespread high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Scattered Cu clouds

Answer

Overcast low stratus

Answer

Overcast Ns clouds

Answer

Squall lines and thunderstorms

Question 57

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart.

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart.

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

Question 58

The gliding weather report states environmental instability. At morning, dew covers gras and no thermals are presently active. What development can be expected for thermal activity?

Accepted Answer

With ongoing insolation and ground warming, thermal lifting is likely to begin

Answer

Formation of dew prevents all thermal activity during the following day

Answer

Environmental instability prevents air from being lifted and no thermals will be generated

Answer

After sunset and formation of a ground-level inversion thermal activity is likely to begin

Question 59

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Accepted Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

The spread

Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

The absolute humidity

Question 60

Which type of cloud is associated with prolonged rain?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus

Answer

Altocumulus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Cirrostratus

Question 61

What information can be found in the ATIS, but not in a METAR?

Accepted Answer

Operational information such as runway in use and transition level

Answer

Information about current weather, for example types of precipitation

Answer

Approach information, such as ground visibility and cloud base

Answer

Information about mean wind speeds, maximum speeds in gusts if applicable

Question 62

The "spread" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Difference between actual temperature and dew point.

Answer

Difference between dew point and condensation point.

Answer

Relation of actual to maximum possible humidity of air

Answer

Maximum amount of water vapour that can be contained in air.

Question 63

What kind of reduction in visibility is not very sensitive to changes in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Haze (HZ)

Answer

Radiation fog (FG)

Answer

Mist (BR)

Answer

Patches of fog (BCFG)

Question 64

Regarding the type of cloud, precipitation is classified as...

Accepted Answer

Rain and showers of rain.

Answer

Showers of snow and rain.

Answer

Prolonged rain and continuous rain.

Answer

Light and heavy precipitation.

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