Exam quiz Principles of Flight (Aeroplane) - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

What has to be considered when operating a sailplane with water ballast?

Accepted Answer

It should stay below freezing level.

Answer

Best glide angle decreases.

Answer

Significant CG shifts.

Answer

Best glide speed decreases

Question 2

Following a single-wing stall and pitch-down moment, how can a spin be prevented?

Accepted Answer

Rudder opposite lower wing, releasing elevator to build up speed

Answer

Deflect all rudders opposite to lower wing

Answer

Pushing the elevator to build up speed to re-attach airflow on wings

Answer

Pulling the elevator to bring the plane back to normal attitude

Question 3

The angle (alpha) shown in the figure is referred to as... See figure (PFA-003) DoF: direction of airflow Siehe Anlage 3

Accepted Answer

Angle of attack.

Answer

Lift angle.

Answer

Angle of incidence.

Answer

Angle of inclination

Question 4

What pressure pattern can be observed at a lift-generating wing profile at positive angle of attack?

Accepted Answer

Low pressure is created above, higher pressure below the profile

Answer

Pressure above remains unchanged, higher pressure is created below the profile

Answer

High pressure is created above, lower pressure below the profile

Answer

Pressure below remains unchanged, lower pressure is created above the profile

Question 5

Which statement about the airflow around an aerofoil is correct if the angle of attack increases?

Accepted Answer

The stagnation point moves down

Answer

The center of pressure moves down

Answer

The center of pressure moves up

Answer

The stagnation point moves up

Question 6

Which statement about induced drag during the horizontal cruise flight is correct?

Accepted Answer

Induced drag decreases with increasing airspeed

Answer

Induced drag has a minimum at a certain speed and increases at higher as well as lower speeds

Answer

Induced drag has a maximum at a certain speed and decreases at higher as well as lower speeds

Answer

Induced drag increases with increasing airspeed

Question 7

The glide ratio of a sailplane can be improved by which measures?

Accepted Answer

Cleaning, correct speed, retractable gear, taped gaps between wing and fuselage

Answer

Higher airplane mass, thin airfoil, taped gaps between wing and fuselage

Answer

Lower airplane mass, correct speed, retractable gear

Answer

Forward C.G. position, correct speed, taped gaps between wing and fuselage

Question 8

Which statement about the airflow around an aerofoil is correct if the angle of attack decreases?

Accepted Answer

The center of pressure moves aft

Answer

The center of pressure moves forward

Answer

The stagnation point moves down

Answer

The stagnation point remains constant

Question 9

What engine design at a Touring Motor Glider (TMG) results in least drag?

Accepted Answer

Engine and propeller mounted stowable on the fuselage

Answer

Engine and propeller mounted fix on the fuselage

Answer

Engine and propeller mounted fix at the aircraft's nose

Answer

Engine and propeller mounted fix at the horizontal stabilizer

Question 10

What effect is referred to as "adverse yaw"?

Accepted Answer

Aileron operation results in a yaw to the opposite side due to more drag at the down-deflected aileron

Answer

Aileron operation results in a yaw to the desired side due to less drag at the down-deflected aileron

Answer

Rudder operation results in a rolling moment to the opposite side due to more lift generated by the faster moving wing.

Answer

Aileron operation results in a yaw to the opposite side due to more drag at the up-deflected aileron

Question 11

Rotation around the lateral axis is called...

Accepted Answer

Pitching.

Answer

Yawing.

Answer

Rolling.

Answer

Stalling.

Question 12

During a stall, the lift...

Accepted Answer

Decreases and drag increases.

Answer

Increases and drag increases.

Answer

Decreases and drag decreases

Answer

Increases and drag decreases.

Question 13

Which statement concerning the angle of attack is correct?

Accepted Answer

A too large angle of attack may result in a loss of lift

Answer

Increasing the angle of attack results in decreasing lift

Answer

The angle of attack cannot be negative

Answer

The angle of attack is constant throughout the flight

Question 14

Which statement regarding a spin is correct?

Accepted Answer

During recovery the ailerons should be kept neutral

Answer

During the spin the speed constantly increases

Answer

During recovery the ailerons should be crossed

Answer

Only very old aeroplanes have a risk of spinning

Question 15

The aerodynamic rudder balance...

Accepted Answer

Reduces the control stick forces.

Answer

Reduces the control surfaces.

Answer

Delays the stall.

Answer

Improves the rudder effectiveness.

Question 16

Bernoulli's equation for frictionless, incompressible gases states that...

Accepted Answer

Total pressure = dynamic pressure + static pressure.

Answer

Total pressure = dynamic pressure - static pressure.

Answer

Static pressure = total pressure + dynamic pressure

Answer

Dynamic pressure = total pressure + static pressure.

Question 17

Which point on the aerofoil is represented by number 4? See figure (PFA-009) Siehe Anlage 2

Accepted Answer

Separation point

Answer

Transition point

Answer

Stagnation point

Answer

Center of pressure

Question 18

When increasing the airflow speed by a factor of 2 while keeping all other parameters constant, how does the parasite drag change approximately?

Accepted Answer

It increases by a factor of 4

Answer

It decreases by a factor of 2

Answer

It increases by a factor of 2

Answer

It decreases by a factor of 4

Question 19

What types of boundary layers can be found on an aerofoil?

Accepted Answer

Laminar layer at the leading wing areas, turbulent boundary layer at the trailing areas

Answer

Laminar boundary layer along the complete upper surface with non-separated airflow

Answer

Turbulent layer at the leading wing areas, laminar boundary layer at the trailing areas

Answer

Turbulent boundary layer along the complete upper surface with separated airflow

Question 20

Which of the following options is likely to produce large induced drag?

Accepted Answer

Small aspect ratio

Answer

Large aspect ratio

Answer

Low lift coefficients

Answer

Tapered wings

Question 21

What structural item provides lateral stability to an airplane?

Accepted Answer

Wing dihedral

Answer

Vertical tail

Answer

Differential aileron deflection

Answer

Elevator

Question 22

What is the function of the horizontal tail (among other things)?

Accepted Answer

To stabilise the aeroplane around the lateral axis

Answer

To stabilise the aeroplane around the longitudinal axis

Answer

To initiate a curve around the vertical axis

Answer

To stabilise the aeroplane around the vertical axis

Question 23

How do lift and drag change when approaching a stall condition?

Accepted Answer

Lift decreases and drag increases

Answer

Lift and drag increase

Answer

Lift increases and drag decreases

Answer

Lift and drag decrease

Question 24

The angle of attack is the angle between...

Accepted Answer

The chord line and the oncoming airflow.

Answer

The chord line and the longitudinal axis of an aeroplane.

Answer

The wing and the fuselage of an aeroplane

Answer

The undisturbed airflow and the longitudinal axis of an aeroplane.

Question 25

Considering longitudinal stability, which C.G. position is most dangerous with a normal gliding plane?

Accepted Answer

Position beyond the rear C.G. limit

Answer

Position beyond the front C.G. limit

Answer

Position too far aside permissable C.G. limits.

Answer

Position far back within permissable C.G. limits

Question 26

Which kinds of drag contribute to total drag?

Accepted Answer

Induced drag and parasite drag

Answer

Interference drag and parasite drag

Answer

Induced drag, form drag, skin-friction drag

Answer

Form drag, skin-friction drag, interference drag

Question 27

Extending airbrakes results in ...

Accepted Answer

More drag and less lift.

Answer

Less drag and more lift.

Answer

More drag and more lift.

Answer

Less drag and less lift.

Question 28

At stationary glide and the same mass, what is the difference when using a thick airfoild instead of a thinner airfoil?

Accepted Answer

More drag, same lift

Answer

Less drag, less lift

Answer

More drag, less lift

Answer

Less drag, same lift

Question 29

What is meant by "ground effect"?

Accepted Answer

Increase of lift and decrease of induced drag close to the ground

Answer

Decrease of lift and increase of induced drag close to the ground

Answer

Increase of lift and increase of induced drag close to the ground

Answer

Decrease of lift and decrease of induced drag close to the ground

Question 30

Which point on the aerofoil is represented by number 1? See figure (PFA-009) Siehe Anlage 2

Accepted Answer

Stagnation point

Answer

Center of pressure

Answer

Transition point

Question 31

What is the result of extending flaps with increasing aerofoil camber?

Accepted Answer

Minimum speed decreases

Answer

Maximum permissable speed increases

Answer

Minimum speed increases

Answer

C.G. position moves forward

Question 32

The drag coefficient...

Accepted Answer

Cannot be lower than a non-negative, minimal value.

Answer

Is proportional to the lift coefficient

Answer

Increases with increasing airspeed.

Answer

May range from zero to an infinite positive value

Question 33

Pressure drag, interference drag and friction drag belong to the group of the...

Accepted Answer

Parasite drag

Answer

Main resistance.

Answer

Induced drag.

Answer

Total drag.

Question 34

The trim tab at the elevator is defelected upwards. In which position is the corresponding indicator?

Accepted Answer

Nose-down position

Answer

Neutral position

Answer

Nose-up position

Answer

Laterally trimmed

Question 35

The static pressure of gases work...

Accepted Answer

In all directions.

Answer

Only in flow direction.

Answer

Only in the direction of the total pressure.

Answer

Only vertical to the flow direction.

Question 36

Which constructive feature has the purpose to reduce stearing forces?

Accepted Answer

Aerodynamic rudder balance

Answer

T-tail

Answer

Differential aileron deflection

Answer

Vortex generators

Question 37

A sailplane is operated with additional water ballast. How do best gliding angle and speed of best glide change, when compared to flying without water ballast?

Accepted Answer

Best gliding angle remains unchanged, best glide speed increases.

Answer

Best gliding angle descreases, best glide speed decreases.

Answer

Best gliding angle remains increases, best glide speed increases.

Answer

Best gliding angle remains unchanged, best glide speed decreases.

Question 38

Stabilization around the lateral axis during cruise is achieved by the...

Accepted Answer

Horizontal stabilizer

Answer

Wing flaps.

Answer

Airlerons.

Answer

Vertical rudder

Question 39

Through which factor listed below does the load factor increase during cruise flight?

Accepted Answer

An upward gust

Answer

Lower air density

Answer

A forward centre of gravity

Answer

Higher aeroplane weight

Question 40

During approch to the next updraft, the vertical speed indicator reads 3 m/s descent. Within the updraft you expect a mean rate of climb of 2 m/s. According McCready, how should you adjust the speed during approach of the updraft?

Accepted Answer

The McCready ring should be set to 2 m/s, the recommended speed can be read at the McCready scale next to the current rate of descent (3 m/s).

Answer

The McCready ring should be set to 2 m/s, the recommended speed can be read at the McCready scale next to the sum of current rate of descent at expected rate of climb (5 m/s).

Answer

The McCready ring should be set to 3 m/s, the recommended speed can be read at the McCready scale next to the expected rate of climb (2 m/s).

Answer

Outside of thermal cells, the McCready ring should be set to 0 m/s, the recommended speed can be read at the McCready scale next to the current rate of descent (3 m/s).

Question 41

Rotation around the vertical axis is called...

Accepted Answer

Yawing.

Answer

Slipping.

Answer

Pitching.

Answer

Rolling.

Question 42

Which statement describes a situation of static stability?

Accepted Answer

An aircraft distorted by external impact will return to the original position

Answer

An aircraft distorted by external impact will tend to an even more deflected position

Answer

An aircraft distorted by external impact will maintain the deflected position

Answer

An aircraft distorted by external impact can return to its original position by rudder input

Question 43

Which parts of an aircraft mainly affect the generation of induced drag?

Accepted Answer

The wing tips.

Answer

The front part of the fuselage.

Answer

The outer part of the ailerons.

Answer

The lower part of the gear.

Question 44

Number 2 in the drawing corresponds to the... See figure (PFA-010) Siehe Anlage 1

Accepted Answer

Chord line.

Answer

Profile thickness.

Answer

Angle of attack.

Question 45

Which constructive feature is shown in the figure? See figure (PFA-006) L: Lift Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Lateral stability by wing dihedral

Answer

Differential aileron deflection

Answer

Directional stability by lift generation

Answer

Longitudinal stability by wing dihedral

Question 46

Flying with speeds higher than the never-exceed-speed (vNE) may result in...

Accepted Answer

Flutter and mechanically damaging the wings.

Answer

Reduced drag with increased control forces.

Answer

An increased lift-to-drag ratio and a better glide angle.

Answer

Too high total pressure resulting in an unusable airspeed indicator.

Question 47

Where is interference drag generated?

Accepted Answer

At the wing root

Answer

At the ailerons

Answer

At the the gear

Answer

Near the wing tips

Question 48

Stability around which axis is mainly influenced by the center of gravity's longitudinal position?

Accepted Answer

Lateral axis

Answer

Longitudinal axis

Answer

Gravity axis

Answer

Vertical axis

Question 49

Rudder deflections result in a turn of the aeroplane around the...

Accepted Answer

Vertical axis.

Answer

Rudder axis.

Answer

Lateral axis

Answer

Longitudinal axis.

Question 50

What structural item provides directional stability to an airplane?

Accepted Answer

Large vertical tail

Answer

Differential aileron deflection

Answer

Wing dihedral

Answer

Large elevator

Question 51

Which statement about lift and angle of attack is correct?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the angle of attack too far may result in a loss of lift and an airflow separation

Answer

Increasing the angle of attack results in less lift being generated by the aerofoil

Answer

Decreasing the angle of attack results in more drag being generated by the aerofoil

Answer

Too large angles of attack can lead to an exponential increase in lift

Question 52

In straight and level flight with constant performance of the engine, the angle of attack at the wing is...

Accepted Answer

Smaller than in a climb.

Answer

Smaller than in a descent.

Answer

Greater than in a climb.

Answer

Greater than at take-off.

Question 53

Which of the listed wing shapes has the lowest induced drag?

Accepted Answer

Elliptical shape

Answer

Rectangular shape

Answer

Trapezoidal shape

Answer

Double trapezoidal shape

Question 54

Which option states a benefit of wing washout?

Accepted Answer

At high angles of attack the effectiveness of the aileron is retained as long as possible

Answer

With the washout the form drag reduces at high speeds

Answer

Greater hardness because the wing can withstand more torsion forces

Answer

Structurally the wing is made more rigid against rotation

Question 55

The right aileron deflects upwards, the left downwards. How does the aircraft react?

Accepted Answer

Rolling to the right, yawing to the left

Answer

Rolling to the left, no yawing

Answer

Rolling to the left, yawing to the right

Answer

Rolling to the right, yawing to the right

Question 56

In which way does the position of the center of pressure move at a positively shaped profile with increasing angle of attack?

Accepted Answer

It moves forward until reaching the critical angle of attack

Answer

It moves to the wing tips

Answer

It moves forward first, then backward

Question 57

In case of a stall it is important to...

Accepted Answer

Decrease the angle of attack and increase the speed.

Answer

Increase the angle of attack and increase the speed.

Answer

Increase the angle of attack and reduce the speed.

Answer

Increase the bank angle and reduce the speed.

Question 58

Pressure compensation on an wing occurs at the...

Accepted Answer

Wing tips.

Answer

Leading edge.

Answer

Trailing edge.

Answer

Wing roots

Question 59

The laminar boundary layer on the aerofoil is located between...

Accepted Answer

The stagnation point and the transition point.

Answer

The stagnation point and the center of pressure.

Answer

The transition point and the separation point.

Answer

The transition point and the center of pressure.

Question 60

If surrounded by airflow (v > 0), any arbitrarily shaped body produces...

Accepted Answer

Drag.

Answer

Drag and lift.

Answer

Lift without drag.

Answer

Constant drag at any speed.

Question 61

"Longitudinal stability" is referred to as stability around which axis?

Accepted Answer

Lateral axis

Answer

Propeller axis

Answer

Longitudinal axis

Answer

Vertical axis

Question 62

Number 3 in the drawing corresponds to the... See figure (PFA-010) Siehe Anlage 1

Accepted Answer

Camber line.

Answer

Thickness.

Answer

Chord.

Answer

Chord line.

Question 63

Deflecting the rudder to the left causes...

Accepted Answer

Yawing of the aircraft to the left.

Answer

Pitching of the aircraft to the left

Answer

Pitching of the aircraft to the right.

Answer

Yawing of the aircraft to the right.

Question 64

The ratio of span and mean chord length is referred to as...

Accepted Answer

Aspect ratio.

Answer

Trapezium shape.

Answer

Tapering.

Answer

Wing sweep.

Exam simulation Principles of Flight (Aeroplane) SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

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