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Exam simulation Human Performance and Limitations - ATPL - Airline Transport Pilot license

Exam simulation ATPL Human Performance and Limitations 120 questions on 120 minutes

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1 - Hyperventilation is:
2 - What is the main problem caused by positive (+Gz) accelerations?
3 - Physical exercise in high temperatures (tropical climates) may:
4 - Autokinetic illusion is:
5 - An experienced pilot:
6 - A pilot approaching an upsloping runway
7 - The changes in atmospheric gas pressure with altitude are:
8 - To avoid incapacity due to gastro-intestinal problems, it is recommended that a simple, easily digested meal before boarding the aircraft should be accompanied by:
9 - The effects of Galactic radiation:
10 - The vestibular apparatus
11 - Acute stress quickly leads to:
12 - Flying at pressure altitude of 10 000 ft, a pilot, being a moderate to heavy smoker, has an oxygen content in the blood equal to an altitude
13 - With regard to decompression sickness associated with flight, we know that:
14 - Illusions that pilots experience in conditions of fog or mist are that:
15 - A pilot successfully completes a difficult and stressful landing at an aerodrome. The next time a landing is attempted under the same conditions and at the same aerodrome, is the pilot likely to experience:
16 - Changes in blood-pressure are measured by:
17 - Improvement of human reliability should entail:
18 - The Vestibular Apparatus consists of the:
19 - A pilot who smokes will lose some of his capacity to transport oxygen combined with hemoglobin. Which percentage of his total oxygen transportation capacity would he give away when he smokes one pack of cigarettes a day?
20 - An engine low oil pressure light has just illuminated. The pilot feels some stress building up. He should:
21 - How would you call the leadership style of a captain who primarily is interested in a friendly atmosphere within his crew, who is always constructive and encouraging, who usually compromises in interpersonal conflicts, who trusts in the capabilities of his crew-members, and who leaves the crew freedom for own decisions?
22 - Once a pilot has constructed a mental model he/she tends to:
23 - How can vertigo be prevented in conditions of good visibility?
24 - At rest the cardiac output (the quantity of blood the heart pumps in one minute) of an adult is approximately:
25 - In order to make sound decisions it is important to:
26 - The trend in aeroplane hull-loss rate over the last three decades seems to be related to:
27 - The most dangerous characteristic of the false mental model is, that it
28 - The maximum number of unrelated items that can be stored in working memory is:
29 - What is the procedure above 10.000 ft altitude when faced with explosive decompression?
30 - The barometric pressure has dropped to 1/2 of the pressure at sea level at
31 - A pilot accustomed to landing on a wide runway may find, when approaching to a narrow runway, that he/she is at a:
32 - Which of the following are included in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? 1. Freedom from pain and danger 2. Expressions of capacities and talents 3. Self-esteem needs 4. Self-fulfilment needs 5. Physiological needs
33 - How is oxygen mainly transported in the blood?
34 - Working memory:
35 - What should a pilot do to optimise his/her night vision (scotopic vision)?
36 - When the optical image forms in front of the retina
37 - If a pilot has to perform two tasks requiring the allocation of cognitive resources:
38 - The main purpose of lumbar support is to:
39 - Presbyopia is:
40 - Resonance of the body parts can result from:
41 - The otoliths in the inner ear are sensitive to:
42 - Pilot stress reactions:
43 - What do you do, when you are affected by 'pilot's vertigo'? 1. Establish and maintain an effective instrument cross-check. 2. Believe the instruments. 3. Ignore illusions. 4. Minimize head movements.
44 - With regard to the humidity of air in current in a pressurized cabin, we know that it: - 1: varies between 40 and 60% - 2: varies between 5 and 15% - 3: may cause dehydration affecting the performance of the crew - 4: has no special effects on crew members
45 - Before takeoff, a briefing:
46 - A pilot is used to land on small and narrow runways only. Approaching a larger and wider runway can lead to:
47 - What is a stressor?
48 - In the decision-making process, confirmation bias results in:
49 - Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. A person experiencing sleep loss is unlikely to be aware of personal performance degradation 2. Performance loss may be present up to 20 minutes after awaking from a short sleep (nap)
50 - The heart muscle is supplied with blood by:
51 - The 'Black hole' phenomenon occurs during approaches at night and over water, jungle or desert. When the pilot is lacking visual cues other than those of the aerodrome there is an illusion of
52 - The acquisition of skill comprises three stages (Anderson model):
53 - Which of the following symptoms can indicate hypoxia? 1. Blue lips and finger nails. 2. Euphoria. 3. Flatulence. 4. Unconsciousness.
54 - Which of the following illusions are brought about by conflicts between the visual system and the vestibular system? - 1: Illusions concerning the attitude of the aircraft - 2: Autokinetic illusion (fixed point viewed as moving) - 3: Illusions when estimating the size and distance of objects - 4: Illusions of rotation
55 - When suffering from Hypoxia short-term memory impairment starts at approximately at:
56 - The metabolisation of alcohol
57 - During sustained positive G-forces the order of symptoms you can expect is:
58 - The 'cocktail party effect' is:
59 - Within communication, what element suggests that a message has been received and understood?
60 - What are the main parts of the Central Nervous System and where is vision processed?
61 - The resistance phase of stress:
62 - The carcinogen (a substance with the ability to produce modifications in cells which develop a cancer) in cigarettes is:
63 - Healthy people are usually capable of compensating for a lack of oxygen up to:
64 - You are crossing the Alps in a non-pressurised aircraft at an altitude of 15.000 feet. You do not use the oxygen mask because you feel fine. This is unsafe, because:
65 - Disorientation is more likely to occur when the pilot is: 1. flying in IMC 2. frequently changing between inside and outside references 3. flying from IMC into VMC 4. approaching over still water at night
66 - Of the following statements regarding stress, which is correct?
67 - The three types of Authority Gradient Cockpits are:
68 - Coriolis illusion, causing spatial disorientation is the result of:
69 - An increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood leads to:
70 - The physiological rhythms of a pilot in a new time zone will resynchronise to this new time zone at a rate of about
71 - Stress management programmes usually involve:
72 - Coaction is a mode of coordination which recommends:
73 - The peripheral vision is important for:
74 - One of the major protective measures against illusions is:
75 - The first cockpit tool that tends to suffer as a result of stress:
76 - A copilot has passed an upgrading course to become a captain. Which psychological consequence is most likely?
77 - In the alveoli gas exchange takes place (external respiration). Which gas will diffuse from the blood into the lungs?
78 - What is meant by the term 'complacency'?
79 - The total gas volume of the lung is the sum of: 1. tidal volume 2. inspiratory reserve volume 3. expiratory reserve volume 4. residual volume Which of the following lists the correct combination?
80 - In order to limit stress when flying, a pilot should:
81 - During hyperventilation:
82 - Symptoms caused by gas bubbles in the lungs, following a decompression are called:
83 - Autokinesis can give the pilot the impression that:
84 - To prevent vertigo in flight we should
85 - A passenger complains about a painful inflated belly at 8.000 feet. You advise him to: 1. unbuckle and massage the belly 2. stand up and let go the gases out of the intestines 3. eat less gas forming food and avoid carbohydrates beverages before flight in the future 4. drink a lot of water throughout the flight
86 - Errors which occur during highly automated actions may result from: 1. the capture of a poor action subprogram 2. a mistake in the decision making process 3. the application of a poor rule 4. an action mode error
87 - Regarding flight deck information presentation, which of the following statements is correct?
88 - What are the main factors which bring about reduced or low vigilance (hypovigilance)? 1. The monotony of the task 2. Tiredness and the need for sleep 3. A lack of stimulation 4. Excessive stress
89 - A pilot becomes skilled when he / she: 1: trains or practises regularly 2: knows how to manage himself / herself 3: possesses all the knowledge associated with his aircraft 4: knows how to keep resources in reserve for coping with the unexpected
90 - When the weather is foggy, on approach, a pilot may get a feeling of:
91 - Having a serious cold, you are going to fly. What can you expect?
92 - The amount of light which strikes the retina is controlled by:
93 - How can the process of learning be enhanced?
94 - Flights immediately after SCUBA-diving (compressed gas mixtures, bottles) (>10 m depth)
95 - Which biases relate to human decision making? 1. Personal experience tends to alter the perception of the risk of an event occurring 2. There is a natural tendency to want to confirm our decision even in the face of facts which contradict it 3. The group to which an individual belongs tends to influence the particular decision 4. There is natural tendency to select only objective facts for decision-making purposes
96 - What are the main characteristics of active errors? They: 1. are detectable only with difficulty by first-line operators 2. have rapid and direct consequences on the action in progress 3. occur at the human/machine interface 4. lie dormant and are undetected at first
97 - Without visual reference, what illusion could the pilot get, when he is stopping the rotation to recover from a spin? He will get the illusion of
98 - The percentage of oxygen in the air at an altitude of approximately 34 000 ft is:
99 - Which measure(s) will help to compensate for hypoxia? 1. Descend below 10 000 FT. 2. Breathe 100 % oxygen. 3. Climb to or above 10 000 FT. 4. Reduce physical activities.
100 - The first step for an individual's cure of alcoholism is:
101 - The time required for complete adaptation is:
102 - Motivation is a quality which is often considered vital in the pilot's work to maintain safety.
103 - Please check the following statements: 1. A stressor causes activation 2. Activation stimulates a person to cope with it
104 - The rate and depth of breathing is primarily controlled by:
105 - The skill-based, rule-based, knowledge-based model (Jens Rasmussen) is associated with:
106 - Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. REM-sleep becomes shorter with any repeated sleep cycle during the night. 2. REM-sleep is more important for the regeneration of mental functions than all the other sleep stages are.
107 - Tetanus is transmitted through:
108 - What may trigger stress in humans?
109 - The thin walls of capillaries are permeable for:
110 - What is the name of the functional connection between neurones?
111 - An example of conflict between status and role is:
112 - Sleeplessness or the disruption of sleeping patterns: 1. can lead to symptoms of drowsiness, irritability and lack of concentration 2. will make an individual more prone to make errors
113 - Flying immediately following a dive with SCUBA diving equipment to a depth greater than 10 metres is not advisable because:
114 - Which of the following statements concerning hypoxia is correct?
115 - When a pilot suffers from hypothermia (for example, after loss of cabin heating) his / her demand for oxygen will be:
116 - Which symptom of hypoxia is the most dangerous for conducting safe flight?
117 - Haemoglobin has an affinity for carbon monoxide of _______ times over oxygen
118 - A barotrauma of the middle ear
119 - The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is:
120 - What diseases can be associated with contaminated water?
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