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Exam simulation Human Performance and Limitations ATPL - Airline Transport Pilot license

Exam simulation ATPL Human Performance and Limitations 120 questions on 120 minutes

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1 - The acquisition of skill comprises three stages (Anderson model):
2 - In order to limit stress when flying, a pilot should:
3 - Presbyopia causes a:
4 - With too much cohesion, Groupthink can be:
5 - The maximum number of unrelated items that can be stored in working memory is:
6 - Flying a coordinated level turn will
7 - The main limitation of the long-term memory is:
8 - During the cruising phase of a short-haul flight the captain starts to smoke a cigarette in the cockpit. The flying copilot asks him to stop smoking because he is a non-smoker. The captain tells him: 'This is your problem', and continues smoking. What should the copilot do?
9 - The pressoreceptors are located in
10 - When flying at night the first sense to be affected by a slight degree of hypoxia is the
11 - When a pilot suffers from hypothermia (e.g. after loss of cabin heating) his / her demand for oxygen will be:
12 - The metabolisation of alcohol
13 - Rods (scotopic visual cells) allow for:
14 - Vision of terrain relief (e.g. hills, valleys, etc.):
15 - Stress is a reaction to adapt a specific situation. This reaction
16 - A passenger complains about a painful inflated belly at 8.000 feet. You advise him to:1. unbuckle and massage the belly2. stand up and let go the gases out of the intestines3. eat less gas forming food and avoid carbonhydrated beverages before flight in the future4. drink a lot of water throughout the flight
17 - A high degree of cockpit automation may alter the traditional tasks of the pilots in a way, that
18 - Autokinetic illusion is:
19 - Which of the following operations are performed more effectively by people than by automatic systems ?1. Qualitative decision-making2. Waiting for an infrequent phenomenon3. Monitoring to ensure that certain values are not exceeded4. Detections of unusual conditions (smell, noise, etc.)
20 - The confirmation bias of decision making is
21 - Below 70,000 ft., what gas makes up the major part of the atmosphere ?
22 - Which of the following are either cumulative or tend to escalate?1. Stress Factors (stressors)2. Errors3. The effects of carbon monoxide poisoning4. Human conflict5. Colour blindness
23 - Pilot stress reactions:
24 - Which statement about acute or chronic fatigue is INCORRECT?
25 - The normal arterial blood-pressure of a healthy adult at rest is (systolic/diastolic):
26 - Behaviour is the outward result of ...................and is ......................:
27 - Between which components, with reference to the SHELL Concept, covers pilot misinterpretation of the old three-point altimeter?
28 - Autokinesis can give the pilot the impression that:
29 - Alcohol degrades:
30 - Caffeine may cause an increase in cardiac rate, restlessness/nervousness, insomnia, anxiety and intestinal irritability. Excessive consumption is considered to be in excess of:
31 - If a pilot has to perform two tasks requiring the allocation of cognitive resources:
32 - Barotrauma caused by gas accumulation in the stomach and intestines can lead to:
33 - Personality is based on:1. Heredity2. Upbringing3. Experience4. Childhood
34 - Alcohol, even when taken in minor quantities
35 - Which statement is correct ?
36 - Flying immediately after SCUBA diving involves the risk of getting:
37 - What should a pilot do to optimise his/her night vision (scotopic vision)?
38 - Which of the following concepts relating to human reliability is true ?
39 - The 'Effective Performance Time' or 'Time of Useful Consciousness' after a decompression at 35 000 ft is:
40 - The physiological effects of accelerations to the human body depend on:1. the duration of the G-forces2. the onset rate of the G-forces3. the magnitude of the G-forces4. the direction of the G-forces.
41 - Which of the following mechanisms regulate body temperature when exposed to extreme high environmental temperatures?-1: Shivering-2: Vaso-constriction of peripheral blood vessels-3: Sweating-4: Vaso-dilation of peripheral blood vessels
42 - What can a pilot do to avoid automation complacency?
43 - Cognitive and physical rehearsal of actions during training:
44 - What counter-measure can be used against barotrauma of the middle ear?
45 - The sleep cycles repeat during the course of a night's sleep.1. Each succeeding cycle contains a greater amount of REM-sleep.2. Frequent interruption of the REM-sleep may be harmful.
46 - Having made an important decision, a Commander of an aircraft should:
47 - When drugs against sleep disorders and/or nervosity have been taken and the pilot intends to fly, attention has to be paid to
48 - Early symptoms of hypoxia could be:1. euphoria2. decreased rate and depth of breathing3. lack of concentration4. visual disturbances
49 - The semicircular canals of the inner ear monitor
50 - Pain in the joints ('the bends') is a symptom of:
51 - With reference to the SHELL Model, S represents:
52 - The process of responding to a sender by confirming the reception of a message is called
53 - The inner ear is able to perceive:1. angular acceleration2. linear acceleration3. noise
54 - The 'Black hole' phenomenon occurs during approaches at night and over water, jungle or desert. When the pilot is lacking visual cues other than those of the aerodrome there is an illusion of
55 - Which of the following statements is/are correct?1. A person experiencing sleep loss is unlikely to be aware of personal performance degradation2. Performance loss may be present up to 20 minutes after awaking from a short sleep (nap)
56 - The General Adaption Syndrome is associated with the:
57 - The most dangerous characteristic of the false mental model is, that it
58 - The time required for complete adaptation is:
59 - Up to what altitude is blood oxygen saturation reduction unlikely to affect a pilot's judgement?
60 - You are crossing the Alps in a non-pressurised aircraft at an altitude of 15.000 feet. You do not use the oxygen mask because you feel fine. This is unsafe, because:
61 - Out of the list of possible measures to counteract hyperventilation, the most effective measure is:
62 - If a stop-over is more than 24 hours, the correct action is to:
63 - Professional languages have certain characteristics, for example:-1: They use a limited vocabulary .-2: They are rich and adapted to the context, which sometimes lead to ambiguities.-3: Their grammar is rather complicated and complex.-4: Context provides meaning, therefore reduces the risk of ambiguities.
64 - A pilot becomes skilled when he / she: 1: trains or practises regularly2: knows how to manage himself / herself3: possesses all the knowledge associated with his aircraft4: knows how to keep resources in reserve for coping with the unexpected
65 - Mental schemes correspond to:
66 - Coriolis illusion, causing spatial disorientation is the result of:
67 - The time between inadequate oxygen supply and incapacitation is called TUC (Time of Useful Consciousness). It
68 - What is the main problem caused by positive (+Gz) accelerations?
69 - Glaucoma is due to:
70 - The human ear is capable of perceiving vibrations between the frequencies
71 - The ability of the human eye to read alphanumeric information:
72 - Dry air is a mixture of gases. Their volume percentage is about:
73 - Which of the following answers is correct?
74 - An efficient flight deck (synergetic cockpit) will be observed when:
75 - Which of the following characteristics apply to short-term memory ?- 1: It is limited in time and size- 2: It is unlimited in time and limited in size- 3: It is stable and insensitive to disturbances- 4: It is limited in time and unlimited in size
76 - Conscious perception
77 - The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is:
78 - Mode error is associated with:
79 - In 1972, a psychologist named Edwards presented a concept of the interface between flight crew and other parts of the airspace environment. What is this concept called and the names of those elements involved?
80 - The procedure to be followed in the event of decompression when flying above 10,000 ft must:
81 - In the decision-making process, confirmation bias results in:
82 - The trend in aeroplane hull-loss rate over the last three decades seems to be related to:
83 - Which sensations does a pilot get, when he is rolling out of a prolonged level turn?
84 - The three types of Authority Gradient Cockpits are:
85 - To optimise one's night-vision performance, it is necessary:- 1: to spend some time getting adapted to low levels of illumination- 2: to increase the instrument panel lighting by reducing the cockpit lighting- 3: not to focus on the point to be observed- 4: to avoid blinding sources of light
86 - If somebody starts breathing faster and deeper without physiological need
87 - During hyperventilation:
88 - Resonance of the body parts can result from:
89 - Errors which occur during highly automated actions may result from:1. the capture of a poor action subprogram2. a mistake in the decision making process3. the application of a poor rule4. an action mode error
90 - What is decompression sickness?
91 - The effects of the following are cumulative:
92 - Which statement applies to hypoxia?
93 - Disorientation is more likely to occur when the pilot is:1. flying in IMC2. frequently changing between inside and outside references3. flying from IMC into VMC4. approaching over still water at night
94 - Breathing 100% oxygen will elevate the pilot's physiological safe altitude to approximately:
95 - Which of the following symptoms can mark the onset of hyperventilation?
96 - Which of the following statements is correct concerning flight in an environment of low contrast (fog, snow, darkness, haze)?
97 - According to Rasmussen's model, errors in rule-based control mode are of the following type(s):
98 - If coping with a stress situation is impossible, one will remain in the state of:
99 - In case of in-flight stress, one should:
100 - Symptoms of decompression sickness
101 - The relevance of check procedures during flight becomes even more important when:
102 - The heart muscle is supplied with blood by:
103 - The otoliths in the inner ear are sensitive to:
104 - Who in the aviation industry is responsible for flight safety?
105 - The retina of the eye
106 - Physiological stressors include:
107 - The first cockpit tool that tends to suffer as a result of stress:
108 - When the optical image forms in front of the retina
109 - Vitamin A and possibly vitamins B and C are chemical factors and essential to good night vision:1. Vitamin deficiencies may decrease night vision performance2. An excess intake of vitamin A will improve night vision performance significantly3. Pilots should be carefully concerned to take a balanced diet containing sufficient vitamin A4. Vitamin deficiencies may decrease visual acuity in photopic vision but not in scotopic vision
110 - A pilot is used to land on small and narrow runways only. Approaching a larger and wider runway can lead to:
111 - Our mental model of the world is based
112 - What is the effect of tiredness on attention ?
113 - What are the most frequent results of an self-centred captain on the flight deck?
114 - When faced with sustained cold temperature, how does the body resist this physical stress?
115 - Hypoxia can affect night vision:
116 - The fovea is
117 - What are the main characteristics of active errors ? They:1. are detectable only with difficulty by first-line operators2. have rapid and direct consequences on the action in progress3. occur at the human/machine interface4. lie dormant and are undetected at first
118 - When a pilot is facing a problem during flight he should
119 - The time an eye needs to adapt fully to the dark is about:
120 - Which of the following systems are involved in motion sickness? 1: Hearing2: The vestibular system 3: Vision4 The proprioceptive senses 'Seat-of-the-Pants-Sense') 5: The gastrointestinal system
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