Exam quiz Meteorology - BPL Hot Air - Balloon Pilot License

Question 1

What process causes latent heat being released into the upper troposphere?

Accepted Answer

Cloud forming due to condensation

Answer

Descending air across widespread areas

Answer

Evaporation over widespread water areas

Answer

Stabilisation of inflowing air masses

Question 2

What is the gas composition of "air"?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen 21 % Nitrogen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 78 % Water vapour 21 % Nitrogen 1 %

Answer

Oxygen 21 % Water vapour 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Answer

Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Question 3

The temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere according ISA is...

Accepted Answer

0.65° C / 100 m

Answer

1° C / 100 m

Answer

0.6° C / 100 m

Answer

3° C / 100 m

Question 4

What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?

Accepted Answer

Variable winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds

Answer

Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering

Answer

Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing

Question 5

Regarding the type of cloud, precipitation is classified as...

Accepted Answer

Rain and showers of rain

Answer

Light and heavy precipitation

Answer

Showers of snow and rain

Answer

Prolonged rain and continuous rain

Question 6

What kind of reduction in visibility is not very sensitive to changes in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Haze (HZ)

Answer

Radiation fog (FG)

Answer

Mist (BR)

Answer

Patches of fog (BCFG)

Question 7

What pressure pattern can be observed during the passage of a polar front low?

Accepted Answer

Falling pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, rising pressure behind the cold front

Answer

Falling pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, falling pressure behind the cold front

Answer

Rising pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, rising pressure behind the cold front

Answer

Rising pressure in front of the warm front, rising pressure within the warm sector, falling pressure behind the cold front

Question 8

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Question 9

With regard to thunderstorms, strong up- and downdrafts appear during the...

Accepted Answer

Mature stage

Answer

Dissipating stage

Answer

Thunderstorm stage

Answer

Initial stage

Question 10

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Ground cooling during the night

Answer

Large-scale lifting of air

Answer

Thickening of clouds in medium layers

Answer

Intensifying and gusting winds

Question 11

The character of an air mass is given by what properties?

Accepted Answer

Region of origin and track during movement

Answer

Wind speed and tropopause height

Answer

Environmental lapse rate at origin

Answer

Temperatures at origin and present region

Question 12

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Accepted Answer

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Answer

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Answer

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Answer

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Question 13

With other factors remaining constant, decreasing temperature results in...

Accepted Answer

Decreasing spread and increasing relative humidity

Answer

Decreasing spread and decreasing relative humidity

Answer

Increasing spread and decreasing relative humidity

Answer

Increasing spread and increasing relative humidity

Question 14

Weather phenomena are most common to be found in which atmospheric layer?

Accepted Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Thermosphere

Answer

Tropopause

Answer

Stratosphere

Question 15

What clouds and weather may result from a humid and unstable air mass, that is pushed against a chain of mountains by the predominant wind and forced to rise?

Accepted Answer

Embedded CB with thunderstorms and showers of hail and/or rain

Answer

Overcast low stratus (high fog) with no precipitation

Answer

Smooth, unstructured NS cloud with light drizzle or snow (during winter)

Answer

Thin Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds with light and steady precipitation

Question 16

The movement of air flowing apart is called...

Accepted Answer

Divergence

Answer

Concordance

Answer

Convergence

Answer

Subsidence

Question 17

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Answer

Low spread

Answer

Calm wind

Question 18

What pressure pattern can be observed when a cold front is passing?

Accepted Answer

Shortly decreasing, thereafter increasing pressure

Answer

Continually decreasing pressure

Answer

Constant pressure pattern

Answer

Continually increasing pressure

Question 19

What wind is reported as 225/15 ?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Question 20

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Question 21

What is the ISA standard pressure at FL 180 (5500 m)?

Accepted Answer

500 hPa

Answer

1013.25 hPa

Answer

300 hPa

Answer

250 hPa

Question 22

What weather conditions may be expected during conditionally unstable conditions?

Accepted Answer

Towering cumulus, isolated showers of rain or thunderstorms

Answer

Layered clouds up to high levels, prolonged rain or snow

Answer

Shallow cumulus clouds with base at medium levels

Answer

Sky clear of clouds, sunshine, low winds

Question 23

How do dew point and relative humidity change with decreasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Dew point increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Dew point decreases, relative humidity increases

Question 24

What information can be obtained from satellite images?

Accepted Answer

Overview of cloud covers and front lines

Answer

Flight visibility, ground visibility, and ground contact

Answer

Turbulence and icing

Answer

Temperature and dew point of environmental air

Question 25

What weather phenomenon designated by "2" has to be expected on the lee side during "Foehn" conditions? See figure (MET-001).

Accepted Answer

Altocumulus lenticularis

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Altocumulus Castellanus

Answer

Nimbostratus

Question 26

What is referred to as mountain wind?

Accepted Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during the night

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during daytime

Answer

Wind blowing uphill from the valley during the night

Answer

Wind blowing down the mountain side during daytime

Question 27

How is an air mass described when moving to Central Europe via the Russian continent during winter?

Accepted Answer

Continental polar air

Answer

Continental tropical air

Answer

Maritime tropical air

Answer

Maritime polar air

Question 28

The "spread" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Difference between actual temperature and dew point

Answer

Difference between dew point and condensation point

Answer

Relation of actual to maximum possible humidity of air

Answer

Maximum amount of water vapour that can be contained in air

Question 29

What process results in the formation of "orographic fog" ("hill fog")?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across a hill or a mountain range

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Evaporation from warm, moist ground area into very cold air

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 30

What weather conditions can be expected during "Foehn" on the windward side of a mountain range?

Accepted Answer

Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain

Answer

Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)

Answer

Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds

Question 31

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

Accepted Answer

A selected reference pressure level

Answer

Mean sea level

Answer

Ground

Answer

Standard pressure 1013.25 hPa

Question 32

Moderate to severe turbulence has to be expected...

Accepted Answer

On the lee side of a mountain range when rotor clouds are present

Answer

Below thick cloud layers on the windward side of a mountain range

Answer

With the appearance of extended low stratus clouds (high fog)

Answer

Overhead unbroken cloud layers

Question 33

What chart shows areas of precipitation?

Accepted Answer

Radar picture

Answer

GAFOR

Answer

Wind chart

Answer

Satellite picture

Question 34

What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

Accepted Answer

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Answer

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Answer

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

Answer

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

Question 35

Under which conditions "back side weather" ("Rückseitenwetter") can be expected?

Accepted Answer

After passing of a cold front

Answer

During Foehn at the lee side

Answer

Before passing of an occlusion

Answer

After passing of a warm front

Question 36

What type of fog emerges if humid and almost saturated air, is forced to rise upslope of hills or shallow mountains by the prevailing wind?

Accepted Answer

Orographic fog

Answer

Radiation fog

Answer

Steaming fog

Answer

Advection fog

Question 37

What process results in the formation of "advection fog"?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist air is moved across cold ground areas

Answer

Cold, moist air is being moved across warm ground areas

Answer

Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds

Answer

Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air

Question 38

Which weather chart shows the actual air pressure as in MSL along with pressure centers and fronts?

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart

Answer

Wind chart

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart

Question 39

What weather conditions in Central Europe are typically found in high pressure areas during summer?

Accepted Answer

Large isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Small isobar spacing with strong prevailing northerly winds

Answer

Large isobar spacing with strong prevailing westerly winds

Answer

Small isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

Question 40

What weather phenomena have to be expected around an upper-level trough?

Accepted Answer

Development of showers and thunderstorms (Cb)

Answer

Formation of high stratus clouds, ground-covering cloud bases

Answer

Calm weather, formation of lifted fog layers

Answer

Calm wind, forming of shallow cumulus clouds

Question 41

In a METAR, "heavy rain" is designated by the identifier...

Accepted Answer

+RA

Answer

RA

Answer

+SHRA

Answer

SHRA

Question 42

How do spread and relative humidity change with increasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Spread increases, relative humidity increases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Spread remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Question 43

What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to strong updrafts

Answer

High humidity and high temperatures

Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation

Question 44

"Foehn" conditions usually develop with...

Accepted Answer

Stability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge

Answer

Instability, widespread air blown against a mountain ridge

Answer

Stability, high pressure area with calm wind

Answer

Instability, high pressure area with calm wind

Question 45

What is the usual direction of movement of a polar front low?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the warm-sector isobars

Answer

To the northeast during winter, to the southeast during summer

Answer

To the northwest during winter, to the southwest during summer

Answer

Parallel to the warm front line to the south

Question 46

The movement of air flowing together is called...

Accepted Answer

Convergence

Answer

Subsidence

Answer

Divergence

Answer

Confluence

Question 47

Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?

Accepted Answer

Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface

Answer

Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean

Answer

Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air

Answer

Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night

Question 48

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC)

Answer

Prognostic chart

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Question 49

When air masses meet each other head on, how is this referred to and what air movements will follow?

Accepted Answer

Convergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Divergence resulting in air being lifted

Answer

Convergence resulting in sinking air

Answer

Divergence resulting in sinking air

Question 50

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Question 51

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Question 52

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Answer

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Answer

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

Answer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As

Question 53

What factors may indicate a tendency to fog formation?

Accepted Answer

Low spread, decreasing temperature

Answer

Low pressure, increasing temperature

Answer

Strong winds, decreasing temperature

Answer

Low spread, increasing temperature

Question 54

What weather is likely to be experienced during "Foehn" in the Bavarian area close to the Alps?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the southern Alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind

Answer

High pressure area overhead Biscay and low pressure area in Eastern Europe

Answer

Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the Alps, flat pressure pattern

Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the northern Alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind

Question 55

What is meant by "isothermal layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Question 56

How can wind speed and wind direction be derived from surface weather charts?

Accepted Answer

By alignment and distance of isobaric lines

Answer

By annotations from the text part of the chart

Answer

By alignment of lines of warm- and cold fronts

Answer

By alignment and distance of hypsometric lines

Question 57

What is the mean height of the tropopause according to ISA (ICAO Standard Atmosphere)?

Accepted Answer

11000 m

Answer

36000 m

Answer

11000 ft

Answer

18000 ft

Question 58

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere

Question 59

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Kelvin

Question 60

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Question 61

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Accepted Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

The spread

Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

The absolute humidity

Question 62

What visual flight conditions can be expected after the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Good visibility, formation of cumulus clouds with showers of rain or snow

Answer

Poor visibility, formation of overcast or ground-covering stratus clouds, snow

Answer

Medium visibility with lowering cloud bases, onset of prolonged precipitation

Answer

Scattered cloud layers, visibility more than 5 km, formation of shallow cumulus clouds

Question 63

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meet subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Answer

At the equator

Answer

At the geographic poles

Question 64

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Exam simulation Meteorology - BPL Hot Air - Balloon Pilot License

Exam simulation Hot Air Balloon Exam Prep Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

Exam simulation Meteorology - BPL Hot Air - Balloon Pilot License

Exam simulation Hot Air Balloon Exam Prep Meteorology 120 questions on 120 minutes

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