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1 - What is the function of the red blood cells (erythrocytes)? Oxygen transport Blood coagulation Immune defense Blood sugar regulation

2 - What is the function of the horizontal tail (among other things)? To stabilise the aeroplane around the lateral axis To initiate a curve around the vertical axis To stabilise the aeroplane around the longitudinal axis To stabilise the aeroplane around the vertical axis

3 - Which air traffic services can be expected within an FIR (flight information region)? ATC (air traffic control) FIS (flight information service) FIS (flight information service) ALR (alerting service) AIS (aeronautical information service) SAR (search and rescue) ATC (air traffic control) AIS (aeronautical information service)

4 - What kind of hydraulic oil is used in aeroplane systems today? Mineral oil Vegetable oi Bio-oil Synthetic oil

5 - All aerodynamic forces can be considered to act on a single point. This point is called... Center of gravity. Center of pressure. Lift point. Transition point.

6 - What is the take-off distance at 705 kg take-off mass, OAT 20° C, QNH 1013 hPa at an elevation of 3500 ft with 5 kt tailwind? See annex (PFP-009) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 9

720 m 880 m 790 m 820 m

7 - The circumference of the Earth at the equator is approximately... See figure (NAV-002) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 1

10800 km. 40000 NM. 12800 km 21600 NM.

8 - Which optical illusion might be caused by a runway with an upslope during the approach? The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too fast and reduces the speed below the normal approach speed The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too high and therefore descents below the regular glide slope The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too slow and speeds up above the normal approach speed The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too low and therefore approaches the runway above the regular glide slope

9 - Which area is suitable for an off-field landing? Harvested cornfield Glade with long dry grass Plowed field Sports area in a village

10 - How do you call fuel mixtures with a high amount of fuel? Lean Full Empty Rich

11 - At which point in the diagram will a pilot find himself to be overstrained? See figure (HPL-002) P = Perfromance A = Arousal / Stress Siehe Anlage 1

Point D Point B Point C Point A

12 - According to the aeronautical chart, Friesach/Hirt (LOKH) has a 707 m grass runway. Prevailing runway is 17 due to a surface wind of 18010KT. The required landing distance for your aircraft under present conditions is 550 m. Considering the NOTAM below ,is it safe to plan LOKH as an alternate aerodrome? See figure (PFP-026) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 17

Don't know Maybe Yes No

13 - How are the flight controls on a small single-engine piston aircraft normally controlled and actuated? Power-assisted through hydraulic pumps or electric motors Hydraulically through hydraulic pumps and actuators Manually through rods and control cables Electrically through fly-by-wire

14 - Pressure compensation on an wing occurs at the... Wing roots Wing tips. Trailing edge Leading edge.

15 - Which characteristic is important when choosing sunglasses used by pilots? Non-polarised No UV filter Curved sidepiece Unbreakable

16 - Which of the stated wind phenomena will increase in speed since its path is narrowed by mountains? Bora Mistral Scirocco Passat

17 - How does a balance tab move in relation to the flight control surface that it is coupled with? In the opposite direction At an angle of 90° At an angle of 45° In the same direction

18 - Anemic hypoxia can be caused by... Carbon monoxide poisoning. Low pressure High altitudes. Alcohol

19 - Which of the following landing areas is most suitable for an off-field landing? A lake with an undisturbed surface A light brown field with short crops A meadow without livestock A field with ripe waving crops

20 - What cloud type can typically be observed across widespread high pressure areas during summer? Overcast low stratus Scattered Cu clouds Overcast Ns clouds Squall lines and thunderstorms

21 - Which option states a benefit of wing washout? Structurally the wing is made more rigid against rotation With the washout the form drag reduces at high speeds Greater hardness because the wing can withstand more torsion forces At high angles of attack the effectiveness of the aileron is retained as long as possible

22 - An ATIS is valid for... 10 minutes 45 minutes. 60 minutes. 30 minutes

23 - Given: QTE: 248° VAR: 10° W The QDR equals... 068° 238° 258°. 078°

24 - What is the meaning of this sign at an aerodrome? See figure (ALW-011) Siehe Anlage 3

Landing prohibited for a longer period Glider flying is in progress Caution, manoeuvring area is poor After take-off and before landing all turns have to be made to the right

25 - Which point on the aerofoil is represented by number 4? See figure (PFA-009) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 2

Center of pressure Separation point Transition point Stagnation point

26 - The conversion factor from kilogram [kg] into pounds [lb] is... Kg x 2 = lb. Kg x 2.205 = lb. Kg / 2.205 = lb. Kg x 0.454 = lb

27 - An acceleration during a straight horizontal flight can lead to the illusion of... A descent. A climb. An inverted flight. A bank.

28 - In which situation is it NOT possible to achieve a pressure compensation between the middle ear and the environment? During a light and slow climb All windows are completely closed Breathing takes place using the mouth only The eustachien tube is blocked

29 - What phrase is used by a pilot if a transmission is to be answered with "no"? Negative Not Finish No

30 - Which danger exists during engine start? Cable fire Carburettor fire Sparking Smoke emission

31 - Which would be the correct reaction when hydroplaning is suspected upon landing? Add power and use flaps and spoilers to brake aerodynamically Apply maximum braking to reduce aircraft speed to less than hydroplaning speed, then continue normal ground roll Cross rudder and aileron controls in order to use the aircraft fuselage to brake aerodynamically If all wheels are in motion, brake moderately. Maintain directional control by aerodynamic means

32 - Which of the stated materials shows the highest strength? Carbon fiber re-inforced plastic Aluminium Wood Magnesium

33 - What is the call sign of the flight information service? Info Advice Flight information Information

34 - Regarding the communication model, how can the use of the same code during radio communication be ensured? By the use of radio phraseology By using radios certified for aviation use only By the use of proper headsets By a particular frequency allocation

35 - The DME reading is a... Ground distance. Air range Radial distance. Slant range.

36 - What can be expected for the prevailling wind with isobars on a surface weather chart showing large distances? Strong pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind Strong pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind Low pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind Low pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind

37 - After take-off an aeroplane gets into a wind shear with decreasing headwind. As a result... The aeroplane flies above the estimated climb path The true airspeed (TAS) will increase The ground speed (GS) will decrease The aeroplane flies below the estimated climb path.

38 - What is the meaning of a flashing green light signal at a controlled aerodrome directed to an aircraft in flight? Return for landing, followed by steady green at the appropriate time Cleared to land Give way to other aircraft and continue circling Airport unsafe, do not land

39 - From which altitude on does the body usually react to the decreasing atmospheric pressure? 2000 feet 7000 feet 10000 feet 12000 feet

40 - Which are the different parts of the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)? GEN MET RAC GEN COM MET GEN AGA COM GEN ENR AD

41 - Two aircraft of the same type, same gross weight and same flap configuration fly with different speeds and altitude. Which aircraft will cause more wake turbulence? The aircraft flying at a higher altitude The aircraft flying at a lower altitude The aircraft flying at higher speed. The aircraft flying at lower speed.

42 - What are the minimum distances to clouds for a VFR flight in airspace "B"? Horizontally 1.500 m, vertically 1.000 m Horizontally 1.500 m, vertically 300 m Horizontally 1.000 m, vertically 1.500 ft Horizontally 1.000 m, vertically 300 m

43 - A deceleration during a straight horizontal flight can lead to the illusion of... A climb. A descent. A bank. An inverted flight.

44 - What is the purpose of the signal square at an aerodrome? It contains special symbols to indicate the conditions at the aerodrome visually to over-flying aircraft It is an illuminated area on which search and rescue and fire fighting vehicles are placed Aircraft taxi to this square to get light signals for taxi and take-off clearance It is a specially marked area to pick up or drop towing objects

45 - What mass equals 102 litres of Avgas 100LL? 142 lbs 74 lbs 142 kg 74 kg

46 - Under which circumstances may a runway be considered to be contaminated? When more than 25 % of the runway surface area within the required length and width being used is covered by water, slush, snow or ice more than 3 mm deep When 75 % of the required runway length and width are covered by contaminants such as snow, frost, ice or sand When more than 50 % of the runway surface area within the required length and width being used is covered by water, slush, snow or ice more than 3 mm deep When more than 50 % of the required runway length and width are covered by contaminants such as snow, frost, ice or sand

47 - What structural item provides directional stability to an airplane? Differential aileron deflection Large vertical tail Wing dihedral Large elevator

48 - How does the aircraft configuration influence take-off performance while all other parameters remaining constant? See figure (PFP-007) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 7

Aircraft B has a higher tyre pressure than aircraft A Aircraft A has a higher tyre pressure than aircraft B Aircraft B has a higher flap setting than aircraft A Aircraft A has a higher flap setting than aircraft B

49 - With regard to thunderstorms, strong up- and downdrafts appear during the... Initial stage. Dissipating stage Mature stage Thunderstorm stage.

50 - In flight, a little smoke emerges from behind the instrument panel. An engine fire is suspected. Which action, with respect to the pilot's operating manual, should be taken? Turn off the heat Shut down the engine Use the fire extinguisher Turn off the master switch

51 - An aeroplane has a heading of 090°. The distance which has to be flown is 90 NM. After 45 NM the aeroplane is 4.5 NM north of the planned flight path. What is the corrected heading to reach the arrival aerodrome directly? 18° to the right 12° to the right 6° to the right 9° to the right

52 - The occurence of a vertigo is most likely when moving the head... During a straight horizontal flight. During a turn. During a descent. During a climb.

53 - In airspace "D" a Boeing 737 and a Cessna 152 are flying on crossing courses. Which aeroplane has to divert? The Cessna 152, because IFR and commercial flights have priority The air traffic control (ATC) has to decide which one has to divert The aeroplane flying from right to left has priority, the other one has to divert The Boeing 737, because an airliner has greater power reserves

54 - In a METAR, "heavy rain" is designated by the identifier... RA +SHRA SHRA +RA

55 - Being intercepted by a military aircraft at daytime, what is the meaning of the following signal: Alternating movement of the ailerons, normally left of the intercepted aircraft, followed by a smooth turn to the left? Prepare for a safety landing, you have entered a prohibited area You are entering a restricted area, leave the airspace immediately Follow me You are clear of any restricted or reserved airspaces, you can continue on your heading

56 - A precautionary landing is a landing... Conducted without power from the engine. Conducted in response to circumstances forcing the aircraft to land. Conducted in an attempt to sustain flight safety. Conducted with the flaps retracted.

57 - Given: True course: 120°. TAS: 120 kt. Wind: 150°/12 kt. The WCA equals... 6° to the right. 3° to the left. 3° to the right. 6° to the left.

58 - A pilot wants to approach an NDB on QDM 090°. The aircraft flies for about 5 minutes with a magnetic heading (MH) of 095° and the RBI indication of 355°. After 6 minutes the RBI indicates 358°. Which statement is correct? The crosswind component increased; the pilot has to increase the MH The crosswind component increased; the pilot has to decrease the MH The crosswind component decreased; the pilot has to increase the MH The crosswind component decreased; the pilot has to decrease the MH

59 - Considering the following fuel data, how much trip fuel is required? Fuel for start-up and taxi: 5 L Fuel for take-off and climb: 12 L Fuel for cruise flight: 25 L Fuel for descent, approach and landing: 7 L Fuel for taxi and parking: 3 L Fuel to alternate: 13 L Final reserve fuel: 10 L 75 L 52 L 49 L 44 L

60 - What type of turbulence is typically found close to the ground on the lee side during Foehn conditions? Inversion turbulence Turbulence in rotors Clear-air turbulence (CAT) Thermal turbulence

61 - What weather is likely to be experienced during "Foehn" in the Bavarian area close to the alps? High pressure area overhead Biskaya and low pressure area in Eastern Europe Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the alps, flat pressure pattern Nimbostratus cloud in the northern alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind Nimbostratus cloud in the southern alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind

62 - What is the purpose of "interception lines" in visual navigation? To visualize the range limitation from the departure aerodrome They help to continue the flight when flight visibility drops below VFR minima To mark the next available en-route airport during the flight They are used as easily recognizable guidance upon a possible loss of orientation

63 - What is the correct way of acknowledging the instruction "DZF after lift-off climb straight ahead until 2500 feet before turning right heading 220 degrees, wind 090 degrees, 5 knots, runway 12, cleared for take-off"? DZF after lift-off climb straight ahead 2500 feet, wilco, heading 220 degrees, 090 degrees, 5 knots, cleared for take-off DZF after lift-off climb straight ahead 2500 feet, then turn right heading 220, runway 12, cleared for take-off DZF after lift-off climb straight ahead 2500 feet, then turn right heading 220, 090 degrees, 5 knots DZF after lift-off climb straight ahead 2500 feet, then turn right heading 220, 090 degrees, 5 knots, cleared for take-off

64 - (For this question, please use annex PFP-063) According ICAO, what symbol indicates a general spot elevation? (2,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 24

B C A D

65 - Which constructive feature has the purpose to reduce stearing forces? T-tail Vortex generators Differential aileron deflection Aerodynamic rudder balance

66 - What is the meaning of the red range on the airspeed indicator? Speed which must not be exceeded within bumpy air Speed which must not be exceeded with flaps extended Speed which must not be exceeded regardless of circumstances Speed which must not be exceeded in turns with more than 45° bank

67 - An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 040° at a constant true airspeed (TAS) of 180 kt. The wind vector is 350°/30 kt. The wind correction angle (WCA) equals... +5° + 11° - 7° - 9°

68 - The connection between middle ear and nose and throat region is called... Eardrum Cochlea Inner ear. Eustachian tube.

69 - Which of the following is responsible for the blood coagulation? Red blood cells (erythrocytes) Capillaries of the arteries White blood cells (leucocytes) Blood plates (thrombocytes)

70 - What does the abbreviation "FIS" stand for? Flashing information service Flight information system Flashing information system Flight information service

71 - Wake turbulence is particularly strong... At a high aeroplane weight. When flying with high thrust. When flying with low thrust. At a low aeroplane weight.

72 - Under which circumstances is it more likely to accept higher risks? If there is not enough information available During check flights due to a high level of nervousness During flight planning when excellent weather is forecast Due to group-dynamic effects

73 - With respect to aircraft accident and incident investigation, what are the three categories regarding aircraft occurrences? Event Crash Disaster Happening Event Serious event Ncident Serious incident Accident Event Serious event Accident

74 - Wake turbulences develop during take-off just as the aeroplane... Reaches an altitude of 15 ft. Lifts off with the main gear. Lifts off with the front gear. Accelerates

75 - Stabilization around the lateral axis during cruise is achieved by the... Horizontal stabilizer. Airlerons Wing flaps. Vertical rudder.

76 - What engines are commonly used with Touring Motor Gliders (TMG)? 4 Cylinder; 4 stroke 4 Cylinder 2 stroke 2 Cylinder Diesel 2 plate Wankel

77 - What pressure pattern can be observed at a lift-generating wing profile at positive angle of attack? Low pressure is created above, higher pressure below the profile High pressure is created above, lower pressure below the profile Pressure above remains unchanged, higher pressure is created below the profile Pressure below remains unchanged, lower pressure is created above the profile

78 - During a flight at FL 80, the altimeter setting has to be... 1030.25 hPa. 1013.25 hPa. Local QFE. Local QNH.

79 - An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 270° to a heading of 360°. At approximately which indication of the magnetic compass should the turn be terminated? 330° 360° 270° 030°

80 - What does the abbreviation "QUJ" stand for? True bearing from the station True bearing to the station Magnetic bearing to the station Magnetic bearing from the station

81 - Number 3 in the drawing corresponds to the... See figure (PFA-010) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 1

Chord Thickness Camber line Chord line.

82 - A pilot receives a QDR of 135° from the VDF ground station. Where is the aircraft located in relation to the ground station? Northwest Southeast Southwest Northeast

83 - Which altitude is transmitted by the transponder in mode C? QFE altitude Pressure altitude QNH altitude Radio altitude

84 - What is shown on the printed sign? See figure (ALW-019) Siehe Anlage 1

Point A on a taxiway Part A of the runway Taxiway A Parking position A

85 - Where can the type of restriction for a restricted airspace be found? NOTAM AIC ICAO chart 1:500000 AIP

86 - A true altitude is... A height above ground level corrected for non-standard pressure. A height above ground level corrected for non-standard temperature. A pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature. An altitude above mean sea level corrected for non-standard temperature

87 - The speed Vy is defined as... Best speed of climb. Best angle of climb. Best distance of climb. Best distance of climb.

88 - 5500 m equal... 7500 ft. 18000 ft 10000 ft. 30000 ft.

89 - What minimum coverage with ice or snow must be given to call a runway "contaminated"? 50 % 25 % 10 % 75 %

90 - What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear? Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield When a shower is visible close to the airfield

91 - What is the fuel flow and the true airspeed for cruise flight with 60 % power in flight level 85 at an OAT of -25° C? See annex (PFP-014) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 13

Fuel flow: 17 l. TAS: 81 kt. Fuel flow: 17.5 l. TAS: 83 kt Fuel flow: 20 l. TAS: 89 kt. Fuel flow: 18.5 l. TAS: 85 kt.

92 - The ideal level of arousal is at which point in the diagram? See figure (HPL- 002) P = Performance A = Arousal / Stress Siehe Anlage 1

Point A Point D Point C Point B

93 - What is the meaning of "DETRESFA"? Uncertainty phase Uncertainty phase Distress phase Alerting phase

94 - Which factor can lead to human error? Double check of relevant actions Proper use of checklists To be doubtful if something looks unclear or ambiguous The bias to see what we expect to see

95 - What is the meaning of the phrase "Roger"? Permission for proposed action is granted I understand your message and will comply with it I have received all of your last transmission An error has been made in this transmission. The correct version is...

96 - What is the take-off distance at 750 kg take-off mass, standard (ISA) conditions at an elevation of 4000 ft with 5 kt tailwind? See annex (PFP-009) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 9

900 m 320 m 630 m 480 m

97 - Which statement about the airflow around an aerofoil is correct if the angle of attack decreases? The center of pressure moves aft The stagnation point remains constant The stagnation point moves down The center of pressure moves forward

98 - Exceeding the maximum allowed aircraft mass is... Not permissible and essentially dangerous Only relevant if the excess is more than 10 % Compensated by the pilot's control inputs Exceptionally permissible to avoid delays.

99 - Which maximum rate of climb can the aircraft reach at 9000 ft pressure altitude and OAT 12° C? See annex (PFP-011) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 11

200 ft/min 250 ft/min 350 ft/min 300 ft/min

100 - What condition has to be met during a Special VFR flight? Visual reference to the terrain Speed not above 115 kt IAS At least 500 m ground visibilty A minimum distance to clouds of 2000 m

101 - Which of the following are an aircraft's secondary flight controls? Elevator, rudder, aileron All movable parts on the aircraft which aid in controlling the aircraft Elevator, rudder, aileron, trim tabs, high-lift wing devices, power controls Wing flaps, leading edge devices, spoilers or speedbrakes, trim systems

102 - Which colour does Avgas 100 LL have? Red Green Yellow Blue

103 - After lift-off, a much stronger than expected airspeed rise is experienced during the initial climb phase. What may be expected if the aeroplane entered a microburst? An increased climb rate and decreased airspeed An increased climb rate and airspeed A decreased climb rate and airspeed A decreased climb rate and increased airspeed

104 - During an approach the aeroplane experiences a windshear with a decreasing tailwind. If the pilot does not make any corrections, how do the approach path and the indicated airspeed (IAS) change? Path is higher, IAS decreases Path is higher, IAS increases Path is lower, IAS decreases Path is lower, IAS increases

105 - A heading of 285 degrees is correctly transmitted as... Two eight five. Two eight five hundred. Two hundred eight five. Two hundred eighty-five.

106 - What is the meaning of the abbreviation "IFR"? Instrument Flight Rules Instrument Meteorological Conditions Bad Weather Flight Rules Commercial Flight Rules

107 - Given: True course: 255°. TAS: 100 kt. Wind: 200°/10 kt. The true heading equals... 245° 275°. 265° 250°.

108 - What is the lowest possible VFR flight level if a true course of 181° is selected and a variation of 3° east exists? FL 050 FL 060 FL 055 FL 065

109 - A light aircraft intends to land behind a commercial airliner belonging to wake turbulence category "medium" or "heavy" on a long runway. How can the wake turbulence of the commercial aircraft be avoided? By making a steep approach and a long landing, touching down behind the touchdown point of the airliner's nose gear By making a steep approach and a very short landing. The light aircraft should be able to stop before reaching the airliner's touchdown point By making a shallow approach and a long landing, touching down behind the touchdown point of the airliner's nose gear By making a shallow approach and a very short landing. The light aircraft should be able to stop before reaching the airliner's touchdown point

110 - Which pressure is sensed by the Pitot tube? Cabin air pressure Total air pressure Dynamic air pressure Static air pressure

111 - A flight is called a "visual flight", if the... Visibility in flight is more than 8 km. Flight is conducted under visual flight rules. Visibility in flight is more than 5 km. Flight is conducted in visual meteorological conditions.

112 - The temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere according ISA is... 0,65° C / 100 m 3° C / 100 m. 1° C / 100 m 0,6° C / 100 m.

113 - The center of gravity has to be located... Between the front and the rear C.G. limit. Behind the rear C.G. limit. In front of the front C.G. limit Right of the lateral C. G. limit.

114 - A distance of 7.5 cm on an aeronautical chart represents a distance of 60.745 NM in reality. What is the chart scale? 1 : 500000 1 : 1 000000 1 : 150000 1 : 1500000

115 - What does the reported runway condition "WET" mean? Some water patches are visible The surface of the runway is soaked, but there are no significant patches of standing water A large part of the surface is flooded The runway is clear of water, ice, and snow

116 - The majority of aviation accidents are caused by... Technical failure Meteorological influences. Geographical influences. Human failure.

117 - A construction made of frames and stringer with a supporting skin is called... Honeycomb structure Grid construction. Wood- or mixed construction. Semi-monocoque construction.

118 - An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 220° at a constant TAS of 220 kt. The wind vector is 270°/50 kt. The ground speed (GS) equals... 170 kt 185 kt. 255 kt. 135 kt.

119 - Which gas is most dangerous during an engine fire? Carbon monoxide Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon dioxide

120 - The bank in a two-minute turn (rate one turn) depends on the... Weight Wind Load factor. TAS

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PPL(A) - Private Pilot License Exam Simulation

120 questions on 120 minutes ppl-en