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1 - What is the call sign of the aerodrome control? Airfield Ground Tower Control

2 - Loads must be adequately secured in order to... Allow steep turns. Prevent excessive 'g'-loading during the landing flare. Carry extra fuel. Avoid any centre of gravity (C.G.) movements.

3 - An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 040° at a constant true airspeed (TAS) of 180 kt. The wind vector is 350°/30 kt. The groundspeed (GS) equals... 172 kt. 155 kt. 168 kt. 159 kt

4 - How can a wind shear encounter in flight be avoided? Avoid take-off and landing during the passage of heavy showers or thunderstorms Avoid take-offs and landings in mountainous terrain and stay in flat country whenever possible Avoid thermally active areas, particularly during summer, or stay below these areas Avoid areas of precipitation, particularly during winter, and choose low flight altitudes

5 - The term "static pressure" is defined as pressure... Sensed by the pitot tube. Resulting from orderly flow of air particles. Of undisturbed airflow. Inside the airplane cabin.

6 - An aircraft is flying with an indicated airspeed (IAS) of 150 kt at 8000 ft MSL. According to the rule of thumb, the true airspeed (TAS) equals... 174 kt. 150 kt. 208 kt. 142 kt.

7 - What is the correct way of acknowledging the instruction "Call Hamburg Tower on 121.275"? 121.275 Call 121.275 Call tower Call tower on 121.275

8 - Given values: Calculated take-off mass = 746 kg calculated CG = 37.1 cm fuel burn = 30.5 l on station 45 cm. Where is the CG situated after the landing? 37.5 cm 36.3 cm 36.9 cm 37.2 cm

9 - A Grey-out is the result of... Tiredness. Hypoxia Hyperventilation. Positive g-forces.

10 - What impression may be caused when approaching a runway with an upslope? A landing beside the centerline An overshoot An undershoot A hard landing

11 - Smoke enters the cockpit during an engine fire. Which actions have to be taken immediately? Switching off the pitot and front window heating Switching off the master switch and the ignition Switching off the heating and the ventilating system Switching off the avionics and the cabin lighting

12 - What is the meaning of this sign at an aerodrome? See figure (ALW-011) Siehe Anlage 3

Glider flying is in progress Landing prohibited for a longer period After take-off and before landing all turns have to be made to the right Caution, manoeuvring area is poor

13 - Which statement is correct with regard to the term "taxi holding point"? A taxi holding point is an area where the aircraft must stop unless further permission to proceed is given A taxi holding point is only to be observed for IFR traffic if instrument weather conditions are prevailing A taxi holding point is the point at which the aircraft must stop unless further permission to proceed is given A taxi holding point is designed to indicate the beginning of the safety area and may be crossed when a taxi clearance is given

14 - The term "flight time" is defined as... The period from engine start for the purpose of taking off to leaving the aircraft after engine shutdown. The total time from the first take-off until the last landing in conjunction with one or more consecutive flights. The period from the start of the take-off run to the final touchdown when landing. The total time from the first aircraft movement until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight.

15 - What needs to be observed in particular when performing a slope landing? Direction of rotation of the main rotor Slipping of the helicopter Width of the landing skids. Faulty navigation lights.

16 - Which statement is correct with regard to the short-term memory? It can store 3 (±1) items for 5 to 10 seconds It can store 5 (±2) items for 1 to 2 minutes It can store 10 (±5) items for 30 to 60 seconds It can store 7 (±2) items for 10 to 20 seconds

17 - Being intercepted by a military aircraft at daytime, what is the meaning of the following signal: Alternating movement of the ailerons, normally left of the intercepted aircraft, followed by a smooth turn to the left? Prepare for a safety landing, you have entered a prohibited area You are clear of any restricted or reserved airspaces, you can continue on your heading You are entering a restricted area, leave the airspace immediately Follow me

18 - The occurence of a vertigo is most likely when moving the head... During a descent. During a turn. During a climb. During a straight horizontal flight.

19 - Wings level after a longer period of turning can lead to the impression of... Starting a climb. Steady turning in the same direction as before. Starting a descent. Turning into the opposite direction.

20 - The required data for a mass and balance calculation including masses and balance arms can be found in the... Documentation of the annual inspection. Mass and balance section of the pilot's operating handbook of this particular aircraft. Performance section of the pilot's operating handbook of this particular aircraft. Certificate of airworthiness.

21 - What is the result of the vortex ring state? The helicopter is more stable The helicopter loses power The sink rate increases uncontrollably The rotor RPM increases

22 - Where can the type of restriction for a restricted airspace be found? NOTAM AIP AIC ICAO chart 1:500000

23 - Which of the following documents have to be on board for an international flight? a) Certificate of aircraft registration b) Certificate of airworthiness c) Airworthiness review certificate d) EASA Form-1 e) Airplane logbook f) Appropriate papers for every crew member g) Technical logbook D, f, g B, c, d, e, f, g A, b, c, e, f A, b, e, g

24 - Which information from a ground station does not require readback? Taxi instructions Altimeter setting Heading Traffic information

25 - Two aircraft of the same type, same gross weight and same flap configuration fly with different speeds and altitude. Which aircraft will cause more wake turbulence? The aircraft flying at a lower altitude The aircraft flying at a higher altitude The aircraft flying at lower speed. The aircraft flying at higher speed.

26 - An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 040° at a constant true airspeed (TAS) of 180 kt. The wind vector is 350°/30 kt. The wind correction angle (WCA) equals... 7° right. 3° left 3° right. 7° left.

27 - What is the great circle distance between two points A and B on the equator when the difference between the two associated meridians is exactly one degree of longitude? 120 NM 216 NM 400 NM 60 NM

28 - The term QTE means... True bearing from the aircraft to the station. Magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the station. True bearing from the station to the aircraft. Magnetic bearing from the station to the aircraft.

29 - What does a cloud coverage of "SCT" mean in a METAR weather report? 5 to 7 eighths 3 to 4 eighths 8 eighths 1 to 2 eighths

30 - Which ratio corresponds to the rotor disc loading? Rotor disc / helicopter mass Rotor thrust / rotor disc Rotor thrust / rotor disc Helicopter mass / rotor disc

31 - Given: True course: 270°. TAS: 100 kt. Wind: 090°/25 kt. Distance: 100 NM. The ground speed (GS) equals... 120 kt. 117 kt. 131 kt. 125 kt.

32 - An altitude of 4500 ft is transmitted as... Four five zero zero. Four five tousand. Four tousand five zero zero. Four tousand five hundred.

33 - After entering an autorotation a large helicopter mass leads to... A rapid collapse of the rotor RPM. A rapid build-up of the rotor RPM. A large change in center of gravity. A small rate of descent in a vertical autorotation.

34 - During an autorotation the airspeed is limited by... The displacement of the stall regions in the inner area of the rotor blade. The interference drag during low rates of descent. The landing gear during the touchdown. The drift of the driving forces on the returning blade.

35 - Which section of the flight manual describes the power required of a helicopter in a hover? Performance Limitations Normal procedures Supplements

36 - What could be a reason for changing the runway indicators at aerodromes (e.g. from runway 06 to runway 07)? The magnetic deviation of the runway location has changed The true direction of the runway alignment has changed The magnetic variation of the runway location has changed The direction of the approach path has changed

37 - The term ‚magnetic course' (MC) is defined as... The direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the magnetic north pole. The angle between true north and the course line. The angle between magnetic north and the course line. The direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the geographic North Pole.

38 - What is the function of the red blood cells (erythrocytes)? Blood sugar regulation Oxygen transport Immune defense Blood coagulation

39 - A risk factor for decompression sickness is... 100 % oxygen after decompression. Sports. Smoking. Scuba diving prior to flight.

40 - What is the meaning of a steady green light signal at a controlled aerodrome directed to an aircraft in flight? Return for landing, followed by steady green at the appropriate time Airport unsafe, do not land Cleared to land Give way to other aircraft and continue circling

41 - What is the function of the white blood cells (leucocytes)? Blood coagulation Oxygen transport Immune defense Blood sugar regulation

42 - What needs to be considered if permissible limitations were exceeded? The helicopter must be inspected by a qualified engineer before the next flight The helicopter must be subjected to a duplicate inspected by two engineers The helicopter must be inspected by the pilot in command and if no defect is found, no appropriate entry in the aircraft technical log is necessary The helicopter must be inspected by at least two pilots licensed on the type, one of whom must be the pilot in command

43 - Which transponder code should be set during a radio failure without any request? 7700 7500 7600 7000

44 - Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit? Degrees Fahrenheit Gpdam Degrees Centigrade (° C) Kelvin

45 - Which phrase is to be repeated three times before transmitting an urgency message? Help Urgent Mayday Pan Pan

46 - The position of the center of gravity (including fuel) equals... See figure(PFP-053e) Siehe Anlage 2

0.403 m. 37.3 cm. 37.1 cm. 0.401 m.

47 - The character of an air mass is given by what properties? Region of origin and track during movement Environmental lapse rate at origin Temperatures at origin and present region Wind speed and tropopause height

48 - In what cases is visibility transmitted in kilometers? Up to 10 km Greater than 5 km Greater than 10 km Up to 5 km

49 - Which section of the flight manual describes the basic empty mass of an aircraft? Limitations Normal procedures Performance Weight and balance

50 - A pilot receives a QDR of 135° from the VDF ground station. Where is the aircraft located in relation to the ground station? Southwest. Northeast Northwest Southeast

51 - What is the reason for a puddle of water below the helicopter after a flight in summer? The windshield wiper fluid has leaked The helicopter was frozen at cruising altitude Vapour bubbles from the fuel lines are condensed. The air conditioning was used in flight

52 - Wake turbulence is caused by... Jet blast behind a turbine engine. Turbulence at the downwind side of a mountain range. Wind shear at the wingtip of an aerofoil. Pressure compensation at the wingtip of an aerofoil.

53 - Which factor has a positive effect on the power required? Unleaded fuel Clean blades Icy helicopter airframe High density altitude

54 - Clouds are basically distinguished by what types? Layered and lifted clouds Cumulus and stratiform clouds Thunderstorm and shower clouds Stratiform and ice clouds

55 - Calculated take-off mass = 2300 lbs, calculated CG = 95.75 in, fuel burn = 170 lbs on station 87.00 in. Where is the CG situated after the landing? 96.57 in 96.45 in 97.39 in 94.11 in

56 - Which area is suitable for an off-field landing? Glade with long dry grass Sports area in a village Harvested cornfield Plowed field

57 - In flight, a little smoke emerges from behind the instrument panel. An engine fire is suspected. Which action, with respect to the pilot's operating manual, should be taken? Turn off the master switch Turn off the heat Shut down the engine Use the fire extinguisher

58 - The effective angle of attack is the angle between... Chord line and tip path plane. Effective airflow and chord line. Tip path plane and rotor blade. Effective airflow and tip path plane.

59 - What does the term "Red-out" mean? Anaemia caused by an injury "Red vision" during negative g-loads Rash during decompression sickness Falsified colour perception during sunrise and sunset

60 - Carbon monoxide poisoning can be caused by... Alcohol. Unhealthy food. Smoking. Little sleep.

61 - Cold air inflow in high tropospheric layers may result in... Stabilisation and calm weather. Frontal weather. Calm weather and cloud dissipation. Showers and thunderstorms.

62 - Which dangerous situation could arise when the helicopter engine is started in strong tailwind conditions? Decompression sickness Carbon monoxide poisoning Binocular vision Rotary vertigo

63 - The symbol labeled (3) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4

Cold front. Occlusion. Front aloft. Warm front.

64 - A helicopter must be loaded and operated in such a way that the center of gravity (CG) stays within the approved limits during all phases of flight. This is done to ensure... That the helicopter does not stall. That the helicopter does not exceed the maximum permissible airspeed in a descent. That the helicopter does not tip over on its tail while it is being loaded. Both stability and controllability of the helicopter.

65 - Which statement about the required force to change the pitch angle is correct? It is the smallest by using an advance angle of 90° It is the smallest by using a delta-three-hinge It must be greater than the rotor disc loading It must be greater than the tangential force

66 - Which energies serve to maintain the rotor rpm in an autorotation? Potential or kinetic energy Mechanical or chemical energy Rotational and linear energy Frictional and flow energy

67 - Which characteristic is important when choosing sunglasses used by pilots? Curved sidepiece Unbreakable No UV filter Non-polarised

68 - Which abbreviation is used for the term "obstacle"? OBTC OBST OBS OST

69 - An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 030° to a heading of 180°. At approximately which indicated magnetic heading should the turn be terminated? 150°. 360°. 180°. 210°.

70 - What needs to be observed in conjunction with a flight on a hot day? Thermal updraft should be used over uninhabited areas Low density of the provided fuel should be observed during refueling Outside air temperature and pressure altitude should be considered in particular Air-fuel mixture in the climb and cruise should be fully enriched

71 - Which information from a ground station does not require readback? SSR-Code Wind Altitude Runway in use

72 - What is the reason for retreating blade stall? Large centrifugal forces of the peripheral speed Small cone angle and constant peripheral speed Large pitch angle and small effective airflow Small pitch angle and large effective airflow

73 - The power output of a piston engine is limited by... Exhaust system. Main rotor gearbox. Crankcase. Centrifugal clutch.

74 - What is the purpose of a belt clutch in the drive system? It allows the displacement of the ignition timing during start-up It connects or disconnects the transmission from the engine to the main rotor gearbox It prevents blade movements in gusty wind conditions by blocking the drive shaft It prevents the mechanical blocking of the main rotor during autorotation

75 - What needs to be done to compensate a tail-heavy centre of gravity in a helicopter? Remove all unnecessary attachment parts and covers Remove unneeded equipment from the cockpit Add additional fuel to the fuel tank behind the main rotor mast Add additional load in the front of the helicopter cabin

76 - For the purpose of a flight preparation the pilot calculates a total take-off mass of 725 kg and a total moment of 650 mmkg. Which cross marks the center of gravity (CG)? See annex (PFP-004) Siehe Anlage 4

2 1 3 4

77 - What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front? Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

78 - The altimeter is switched from local QNH to 1013.25 hPa... When descending below FL 100. At the decision height. At 4000 ft. When climbing above the transition altitude.

79 - Under which circumstances is it more likely to accept higher risks? Due to group-dynamic effects During check flights due to a high level of nervousness During flight planning when excellent weather is forecast If there is not enough information available

80 - Given: WCA: -012°; TH: 125°; MC: 139°; DEV: 002°E What are: TC, MH und CH? (2,00 P.) TC: 137°. MH: 139°. CH: 125°. TC: 137°. MH: 127°. CH: 125°. TC: 113°. MH: 139°. CH: 129°. TC: 113°. MH: 127°. CH: 129°.

81 - An acceleration during a straight horizontal flight can lead to the illusion of... A bank. A descent. A climb. An inverted flight.

82 - The term "aerodrome elevation" is defined as... The highest point of the landing area. The lowest point of the landing area. The average value of the height of the manoeuvring area. The highest point of the apron.

83 - In flight, a little smoke emerges from behind the instrument panel. An electrical fire is suspected. Which action, with respect to the pilot's operating manual, should be taken? Shut down the engine Turn off the heat Use the fire extinguisher Turn off the master switch

84 - Which phrase does a pilot use when he / she wants to check the readability of his / her transmission? Request readability What is the communication like? You read me five How do you read?

85 - What is the advantage of a turbulent airflow compared to a laminar airflow at an aerofoil with a high angle of attack? It has a thinner boundary layer It has no form drag The separation point moves further forward It adheres to the aerofoil for a longer time

86 - The minimum flight visibility at 5000 ft MSL in airspace B for VFR flights is... 5000 m. 8000 m. 3000 m. 1500 m.

87 - The effective airflow velocity of a rotor blade element varies with the distance from the rotor shaft axis, because the... Peripheral speed increases if the displacement to the rotor blade tip decreases- Helicopter airframe disturbs the airflow. Tangential force and airflow reversal vary. Drag force in direction of the rotaion axis is increased.

88 - What is the meaning of the phrase "Approved"? An error has been made in this transmission. The correct version is... I have received all of your last transmission Permission for proposed action is granted I understand your message and will comply with it

89 - For what approximate time period can the short-time memory store information? 10 to 20 seconds 30 to 40 seconds 3 to 7 seconds 35 to 50 seconds

90 - Which of the following factors affects the reception of VHF transmissions? Height of ionosphere Twilight error Altitude Shoreline effect

91 - What kind of information should be included in an urgency message? Intended routing, important information for support, intentions of the pilot, departure aerodrome, destination aerodrome, heading and altitude Nature of problem or observation, important information for support, intentions of the pilot, information about position, heading and altitude Nature of problem or observation, important information for support, departure aerodrome, information about position, heading and altitude Intended routing, important information for support, intentions of the pilot, information about position, departure aerodrome, heading and altitude

92 - What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-002). Siehe Anlage 2

Altus Stratus Cirrus Cumulus

93 - Which point indicates the speed for maximum range? See figure (PFP-044) Siehe Anlage 15

1 4 2 3

94 - Which gas is most dangerous during an engine fire? Nitrogen Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Oxygen

95 - The trim is used to... Adapt the control force. Lock control elements. Move the centre of gravity. Increase adverse yaw.

96 - What weather phenomenon designated by "2" has to be expected on the lee side during "Foehn" conditions? See figure (MET-001). Siehe Anlage 1

Cumulonimbus Altocumulus lenticularis Altocumulus Castellanus Nimbostratus

97 - What does the term "confirmation bias" mean? The feedback loop in a closed communication The preference to find arguments to proof the own mental model The bias to confirm each radio call The critical check of ambiguous situations in flight

98 - What factors may indicate a tendency to fog formation? Low spread, increasing temperature Low pressure, increasing temperature Strong winds, decreasing temperature Low spread, decreasing temperature

99 - Which force causes "wind"? Pressure gradient force Thermal force Coriolis force Centrifugal force

100 - What phrase is used by a pilot if a transmission is to be answered with "yes"? Affirmative Yes Affirm Roger

101 - The reason for a stall at a given pitch angle can be... Constant peripheral speed and great vertical airflow through the rotor. Smaller vertical airflow through the rotor and constant peripheral speed. Smaller effective angle of attack and small peripheral speed. Smaller frontal resistance and turbulent airflow.

102 - The average decrease of blood alcohol level for an adult in one hour is approximately... 0.3 percent. 0.01 percent 0.1 percent. 0.03 percent.

103 - What weather conditions in Central Europe are typically found in high pressure areas during summer? Large isobar spacing with strong prevailing westerly winds Small isobar spacing with strong prevailing northerly winds Large isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems Small isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems

104 - What is an appropriate reaction when a passenger during cruise flight suddenly feels uncomfortable? Avoid conversation and choose a higher airspeed Switch on the heater blower and provide thermal blankets Give additional oxygen and avoid low load factors Adjust cabin temperature and prevent excessive bank

105 - Which dangerous attitudes are often combined? Impulsivity and carefulness Macho and invulnerability Self-abandonment and macho Invulnerability and self-abandonment

106 - The range of a VOR is affected by... Daylight interference Multipath propagation of the ground wave. Reflected sky waves. Transmitter and receiver altitude.

107 - With respect to aircraft accident and incident investigation, what are the three categories regarding aircraft occurrences? Incident Serious incident Accident Event Serious event Accident Happening Event Serious event Event Crash Disaster

108 - What does "WATER PATCHES" mean regarding the reported runway condition? The runway is clear of water, ice, and snow Patches of standing water are visible A large part of the surface is flooded Wet surface, but no significant patches are visible

109 - Which are the properties of a Mercator chart? The scale is constant, great circles are depicted as curved lines, rhumb lines are depicted as straight lines The scale is constant, great circles are depicted as straight lines, rhumb lines are depicted as curved lines The scales increases with latitude, great circles are depicted as curved lines, rhumb lines are depicted as straight lines The scales increases with latitude, great circles are depicted as straight lines, rhumb lines are depicted as curved lines

110 - What is a "PAPI" (Precision Approach Path Indicator)? A visual aid that provides guidance information to help a pilot acquire and maintain the correct departure track when departing from an aerodrome or an airport A visual aid that provides guidance information to help a tower controller acquire and maintain the correct approach to an aerodrome or an airport An instrumental aid that provides guidance information to help a pilot acquire and maintain the correct approach to an aerodrome or an airport A visual aid that provides guidance information to help a pilot acquire and maintain the correct glidepath to an aerodrome or an airport

111 - During a flight with a flight plan submitted, landing is conducted at an airfield other than the destination stated in the filed flight plan. Who has to be contacted by the pilot immediately? The police department Aeronatical Information Service (AIS). The flight manager on duty. Local office for aereal supervision.

112 - Urgency messages are defined as... Messages concerning the safety of an aircraft, a watercraft or some other vehicle or person in sight. Messages concerning urgent spare parts which are needed for a continuation of flight and which need to be ordered in advance. Information concerning the apron personell and which imply an imminent danger to landing aircraft. Messages concerning aircraft and their passengers which face a grave and imminent threat and require immediate assistance.

113 - Given: TC: 183°; WCA: +011°; MH: 198°; CH: 200° What are TH and VAR? (2,00 P.) TH: 194°. VAR: 004° E TH: 194°. VAR: 004° W TH: 172°. VAR: 004° W TH: 172°. VAR: 004° E

114 - When landing, if the TAS is significantly less than the ground speed, you will have... Headwind. Crosswind. An inversion. Tailwind.

115 - What action is necessary in a modern helicopter during the transition to a horizontal turn? A control column movement forward or raising the collective Open the throttle in a helicopter with a rotor turning in an anti-clockwise direction seen from above Open the throttle in a helicopter with a rotor turning in a clockwise direction seen from above A control column movement backward or raising the collective

116 - Which altitude is displayed on the altimeter when set to a specific QNH? Altitude in relation to mean sea level Altitude in relation to the air pressure at the reference airfield Altitude in relation to the 1013.25 hPa datum Altitude in relation to the highest elevation within 10 km

117 - The control mixing assembly... Releases the sprag freewheel and prevents rotor blockage by the engine. Overlays periodic and collective control inputs for main rotor pitch angle change. Ensures a constant pressure distribution in a hydraulic control system of a helicopter. Opens the throttle and increases engine performance if the collective is reduced.

118 - What is the effect of vortex ring state? High rate of descent and irregular pitch, roll, and yaw motions Stable descent and high-frequency vibrations in the helicopter Decreased rate of descent and strong vibrations from the engine Fluctuations in rotor and engine RPM

119 - The DME reading is a... Slant range. Radial distance. Air range. Ground distance.

120 - How much taxi fuel must be consumed before take-off to reduce the aircraft mass to the maximum take-off mass? Maximum ramp mass (MRM): 1150 kg Actual ramp mass: 1148 kg Maximum take-off mass (MTOM): 1145 kg 3 L 4 L 2 L 5 L

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PPL(H) - Private Pilot License Exam Simulation

Quiz ppl-h-en 120 questions on 120 minutes