Exam quiz Aircraft General Knowledge - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

What is the purpose of the secondary flight controls?

Accepted Answer

To improve the performance characteristics of an aircraft and relieve the pilot of excessive control forces

Answer

To improve the turn characteristics of an aircraft in the low speed regime during approach and landing

Answer

To enable the pilot to control the aircraft's movements about its three axes

Answer

To constitute a backup system for the primary flight controls

Question 2

The indication of a magnetic compass deviates from magnetic north direction due to what errors?

Accepted Answer

Deviation, turning and acceleration errors

Answer

Inclination and declination of the earth's magnetic field

Answer

Gravity and magnetism

Answer

Variation, turning and acceleration errors

Question 3

Information about maxmimum allowed airspeeds can be found where?

Accepted Answer

POH, Cockpit panel, airspeed indicator

Answer

Airspeed indicator, cockpit panel and AIP part ENR

Answer

POH, approach chart, vertical speed indicator

Answer

POH and posting in briefing room

Question 4

Which levers in a glider's cockpit are indicated by the colors red, blue and green? Levers for usage of ...

Accepted Answer

Cabin hood release, speed brakes, elevator trim

Answer

Gear, speed brakes and elevator trim tab.

Answer

Speed brakes, cable release and elevator trim.

Answer

Speed brakes, cabin hood lock and gear.

Question 5

During a left turn, the yaw string is drawn to the left from center position. By what rudder input can the string be centered again?

Accepted Answer

More bank, less rudder in turn direction

Answer

Less bank, more rudder in turn direction

Answer

Less bank, less rudder in turn direction

Answer

More bank, more rudder in turn direction

Question 6

Airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator all show incorrect indications at the same time. What error can be the cause?

Accepted Answer

Blocking of static pressure lines.

Answer

Leakage in compensation vessel.

Answer

Blocking of pitot tube

Answer

Failure of the electrical system.

Question 7

Which of the stated materials shows the highest strength?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fiber re-inforced plastic

Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Aluminium

Answer

Wood

Question 8

Which of the following options states the working principle of a vertical speed indicator?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the present static air pressure and comparing it to the static air pressure inside a reservoir

Answer

Measuring the vertical acceleration through the displacement of a gimbal-mounted mass

Answer

Total air pressure is measured and compared to static pressure

Answer

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum

Question 9

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 360° to a heading of 270°. At approximately which indication of the magnetic compass should the turn be terminated?

Accepted Answer

270°

Answer

360°

Answer

240°

Answer

300°

Question 10

A construction made of frames and stringer with a supporting skin is called...

Accepted Answer

Semi-monocoque construction.

Answer

Honeycomb structure

Answer

Wood- or mixed construction.

Answer

Grid construction.

Question 11

The mass loaded on the plane is lower than the minimum load required by the load sheet. What action has to be taken?

Accepted Answer

Load ballast weight up to minimum load

Answer

Trim aircraft to "pitch down"

Answer

Change pilot seat position

Answer

Change incident angle of elevator

Question 12

Primary fuselage structures of wood or metal planes are usually made up by what components?

Accepted Answer

Frames and stringer

Answer

Covers, stringers and forming parts

Answer

Girders, rips and stringers

Answer

Rips, frames and covers

Question 13

In which way may an altimeter subscale which is set to an incorrect QNH lead to an incorrect altimeter reading?

Accepted Answer

If the subscale is set to a higher than actual pressure, the indication is too high. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

Answer

If the subscale is set to a lower than actual pressure, the indication is too low. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

Answer

If the subscale is set to a higher than actual pressure, the indication is too low. This may lead to much greater heights above the ground than intended

Answer

If the subscale is set to a lower than actual pressure, the indication is too high. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

Question 14

When is it necessary to adjust the pressure in the reference scale of an alitimeter?

Accepted Answer

Before every flight and during cross country flights

Answer

After maintance has been finished

Answer

Every day before the first flight

Answer

Once a month before flight operation

Question 15

The Caution Area is marked on an airspeed indicator by what color?

Accepted Answer

Yellow

Answer

Red

Answer

Green

Answer

White

Question 16

Which pressure is sensed by the Pitot tube?

Accepted Answer

Total air pressure

Answer

Dynamic air pressure

Answer

Cabin air pressure

Answer

Static air pressure

Question 17

How is referred to a tubular steel construction with a non self-supporting skin?

Accepted Answer

Grid construction

Answer

Honeycomb structure

Answer

Monocoque construction

Answer

Semi-monocoque construction.

Question 18

During a flight in colder-than-ISA air the indicated altitude is...

Accepted Answer

Higher than the true altitude

Answer

Eqal to the true altitude.

Answer

Equal to the standard altitude.

Answer

Lower than the true altitude

Question 19

The load factor "n" describes the relationship between...

Accepted Answer

Lift and weight

Answer

Weight and thrust.

Answer

Drag and lift

Answer

Thrust and drag.

Question 20

With decreasing air density the airflow speed increases at stall speed (TAS) and vice verca. How has a final approach to be conducted on a hot summer day?

Accepted Answer

With unchanged speed indication (IAS)

Answer

With increased speed indication (IAS)

Answer

With decreased speed indication (IAS)

Answer

With additional speed according POH

Question 21

The compass error caused by the aircraft's magnetic field is called...

Accepted Answer

Deviation

Answer

Inclination

Answer

Variation.

Answer

Declination.

Question 22

The term "inclination" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Angle between earth's magnetic field lines and horizontal plane.

Answer

Deviation induced by electrical fields.

Answer

Angle between magnetic and true north

Answer

Angle between airplane's longitudinal axis and true north.

Question 23

The vertical speed indicator measures the difference of pressure between...

Accepted Answer

The present static pressure and the static pressure of a previous moment.

Answer

The present dynamic pressure and the dynamic pressure of a previous moment.

Answer

The present total pressure and the total pressure of a previous moment.

Answer

The present dynamic pressure and the static pressure of a previous moment

Question 24

The altimeter's reference scale is set to airfield pressure (QFE). What indication is shown during the flight?

Accepted Answer

Height above airfield

Answer

Altitude above MSL

Answer

Airfield elevation

Answer

Pressure altitude

Question 25

Which of the following options states all primary flight controls of an aircraft?

Accepted Answer

Elevator, rudder, aileron

Answer

Flaps, slats, speedbrakes

Answer

Elevator, rudder, aileron, trim tabs, high-lift wing devices, power controls

Answer

All movable parts on the aircraft which aid in controlling the aircraft

Question 26

What is the purpose of winglets?

Accepted Answer

Reduction of induced drag.

Answer

To increase efficiency of aspect ratio.

Answer

Increase gliging performance at high speed.

Answer

Increase of lift and turning manoeuvering capabilities.

Question 27

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 030° to a heading of 180°. At approximately which indicated magnetic heading should the turn be terminated?

Accepted Answer

210°.

Answer

150°

Answer

180°

Answer

360°

Question 28

Which is the purpose of the altimeter subscale?

Accepted Answer

To reference the altimeter reading to a predetermined level such as mean sea level, aerodrome level or pressure level 1013.25 hPa

Answer

To correct the altimeter reading for system errors

Answer

To set the reference level for the altitude decoder of the transponder

Answer

To adjust the altimeter reading for non-standard temperature

Question 29

The measurement of altitude is based on the change of the...

Accepted Answer

Static pressure.

Answer

Dynamic pressure.

Answer

Total pressure.

Answer

Differential pressure.

Question 30

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 270° to a heading of 360°. At approximately which indication of the magnetic compass should the turn be terminated?

Accepted Answer

330°

Answer

270°

Answer

030°

Answer

360°

Question 31

A movement around the longitudinal axis is primarily initiated by the...

Accepted Answer

Ailerons.

Answer

Elevator.

Answer

Trim tab.

Answer

Rudder

Question 32

A glider's trim lever is used to...

Accepted Answer

Reduce stick force on the elevator.

Answer

Reduce stick force on the ailerons.

Answer

Reduce stick force on the rudder.

Answer

Reduce the adverse yaw.

Question 33

When trimming an aircraft nose up, in which direction does the trim tab move?

Accepted Answer

It moves down

Answer

In direction of rudder deflection

Answer

It moves up

Answer

Depends on CG position

Question 34

Which constructional elements give the wing its profile shape?

Accepted Answer

Rips

Answer

Planking

Answer

Tip

Answer

Spar

Question 35

A true altitude is...

Accepted Answer

An altitude above mean sea level corrected for non-standard temperature.

Answer

A height above ground level corrected for non-standard temperature.

Answer

A height above ground level corrected for non-standard pressure.

Answer

A pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature.

Question 36

The sandwich structure consists of two...

Accepted Answer

Thin layers and a light core material.

Answer

Thick layers and a light core material.

Answer

Thick layers and a heavy core material.

Answer

Thin layers and a heavy core material

Question 37

About how many axes does an aircraft move and how are these axes called?

Accepted Answer

3; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis

Answer

4; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis, axis of speed

Answer

3; x-axis, y-axis, z-axis

Answer

4; optical axis, imaginary axis, sagged axis, axis of evil

Question 38

What does the dynamic pressure depend directly on?

Accepted Answer

Air density and airflow speed squared

Answer

Lift- and drag coefficient

Answer

Air density and lift coefficient

Answer

Air pressure and air temperature

Question 39

A vertical speed indicator measures the difference between...

Accepted Answer

Instantaneous static pressure and previous static pressure.

Answer

Total pressure and static pressure.

Answer

Dynamic pressure and total pressure.

Answer

Instantaneous total pressure and previous total pressure.

Question 40

The maximium load according load sheet has been exceeded. What action has to be taken?

Accepted Answer

Reduce load

Answer

Increase speed by 15%

Answer

Trim "pitch-down"

Answer

Trim "pitch-up"

Question 41

Which of the following states the working principle of an airspeed indicator?

Accepted Answer

Total air pressure is measured and compared against static air pressure

Answer

Dynamic air pressure is measured by the Pitot tube and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Answer

Total air pressure is measured by the static ports and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Answer

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum.

Question 42

What kind of defect results in loss of airworthiness of an airplane?

Accepted Answer

Damage to load-bearing parts

Answer

Dirty wing leading edge

Answer

Crack in the cabin hood plastic

Answer

Scratch on the outer painting

Question 43

The fuselage structure may be damaged by...

Accepted Answer

Exceeding the manoeuvering speed in heavy gusts

Answer

Airspeed decreasing below a certain value.

Answer

Neutralizing stick forces according to actual flight state

Answer

Stall after exceeding the maximum angle of attack.

Question 44

The thickness of the wing is defined as the distance between the lower and the upper side of the wing at the...

Accepted Answer

Thickest part of the wing.

Answer

Thinnest part of the wing.

Answer

Most inner part of the wing.

Answer

Most outer part of the wing

Question 45

What engines are commonly used with Touring Motor Gliders (TMG)?

Accepted Answer

4 Cylinder; 4 stroke

Answer

2 plate Wankel

Answer

2 Cylinder Diesel

Answer

4 Cylinder 2 stroke

Question 46

Water ballast increases wing load by 40%. By what percentage does the minimum speed of the glider plane increase?

Accepted Answer

18%

Answer

100%

Answer

40%

Answer

200%

Question 47

How are the flight controls on a small single-engine piston aircraft normally controlled and actuated?

Accepted Answer

Manually through rods and control cables

Answer

Hydraulically through hydraulic pumps and actuators

Answer

Electrically through fly-by-wire

Answer

Power-assisted through hydraulic pumps or electric motors

Question 48

The Pitot / static system is required to...

Accepted Answer

Measure total and static air pressure.

Answer

Prevent potential static buildup on the aircraft.

Answer

Prevent icing of the Pitot tube.

Answer

Correct the reading of the airspeed indicator to zero when the aircraft is static on the ground.

Question 49

Which instrument can be affected by the hysteresis error?

Accepted Answer

Altimeter

Answer

Direct reading compass

Answer

Tachometer

Answer

Vertical speed indicator

Question 50

What is necessary for the determination of speed (IAS) by the airspeed indicator?

Accepted Answer

The difference betweeen the total pressure and the static presssure

Answer

The difference between the total pressure and the dynamic pressure

Answer

The difference between the dynamic pressure and the static pressure

Answer

The difference between the standard pressure and the total pressure

Question 51

Which cockpit instruments are connected to the static port?

Accepted Answer

Altimeter, vertical speed indicator, airspeed indicator

Answer

Airspeed indicator, direct-reading compass, slip indicator

Answer

Airspeed indicator, altimeter, direct-reading compass

Answer

Altimeter, slip indicator, navigational computer

Question 52

What are the major components of an aircraft's tail?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal tail and vertical tail

Answer

Rudder and ailerons

Answer

Steering wheel and pedals

Answer

Ailerons and elevator

Question 53

Lower-than-standard temperature may lead to...

Accepted Answer

An altitude indication which is too high.

Answer

An altitude indication which is too low.

Answer

A correct altitude indication as long as the altimeter subscale is set to correct for non-standard temperature.

Answer

A blockage of the Pitot tube by ice, freezing the altimeter indication to its present value.

Question 54

A vertical speed indicator connected to a too big equalizing tank results in...

Accepted Answer

Indication too high

Answer

Mechanical overload

Answer

No indication

Answer

Indication too low

Question 55

During a flight in an air mass with a temperature equal to ISA and the QNH set correctly, the indicated altitude is...

Accepted Answer

Equal to the true altitude.

Answer

Lower than the true altitude.

Answer

Equal to the standard atmosphere.

Answer

Higher than the true altitude.

Question 56

Which of the mentioned cockpit instruments is connected to the pitot tube?

Accepted Answer

Airspeed indicator

Answer

Direct-reading compass

Answer

Altimeter

Answer

Vertical speed indicator

Question 57

The trim wheel or lever in the cockpit is moved aft by the pilot. What effect does this action have on the trim tab and on the elevator?

Accepted Answer

The trim tab moves down, the elevator moves up

Answer

The trim tab moves up, the elevator moves down

Answer

The trim tab moves up, the elevator moves up

Answer

The trim tab moves down, the elevator moves down

Question 58

What difference in altitude is shown by an altimeter, if the reference pressure scale setting is changed from 1000 hPa to 1010 hPa?

Accepted Answer

80 m more than before

Answer

Zero

Answer

80 m less than before

Answer

Values depending on QNH

Question 59

What are the primary and the secondary effects of a rudder input to the left?

Accepted Answer

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the left

Answer

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the left

Answer

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the right

Answer

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the right

Question 60

An energy-compensated vertical speed inicator (VSI) shows during stationary glide the vertical speed...

Accepted Answer

Of the airmass flown through.

Answer

Of the glider through surrounding air

Answer

Of the glider plus movement of the air

Answer

Of the glider minus movement of the air.

Question 61

During a right turn, the yaw string is drawn to the left from center position. By what rudder input can the string be centered again?

Accepted Answer

Less bank, more rudder in turn direction

Answer

Less bank, less rudder in turn direction

Answer

More bank, less rudder in turn direction

Answer

More bank, more rudder in turn direction

Question 62

What values are usually marked with a red line on instrument displays?

Accepted Answer

Operational limits

Answer

Caution areas

Answer

Operational areas

Answer

Recommended areas

Question 63

QFE is the...

Accepted Answer

Barometric pressure at a reference datum, typically the runway threshold of an airfield.

Answer

Altitude above the reference pressure level 1013.25 hPa.

Answer

Magnetic bearing to a station.

Answer

Barometric pressure adjusted to sea level, using the international standard atmosphere (ISA).

Question 64

What is the meaning of the yellow arc on the airspeed indicator?

Accepted Answer

Flight only in calm weather with no gusts to avoid overload.

Answer

Cautious use of flaps or brakes to avoid overload.

Answer

Speed for best glide can be found in this area.

Answer

Optimum speed while being towed behind aircraft.

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