Exam quiz Human Performance and limitations - SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Question 1

What does the term "Red-out" mean?

Accepted Answer

"Red vision" during negative g-loads

Answer

Falsified colour perception during sunrise and sunset

Answer

Anaemia caused by an injury

Answer

Rash during decompression sickness

Question 2

What is the best combination of traits with respect to the individual attitude and behaviour for a pilot?

Accepted Answer

Extroverted - stable

Answer

Introverted - stable

Answer

Introverted - unstable

Answer

Extroverted - unstable

Question 3

What is the parallax error?

Accepted Answer

Wrong interpretation of instruments caused by the angle of vision

Answer

Misperception of speed during taxiing

Answer

Long-sightedness due to aging especially during night

Answer

A decoding error in communication between pilots

Question 4

Which altitude marks the lower limit where the the body is unable to completely compensate the effects of the low atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

12000 feet

Answer

5000 feet

Answer

22000 feet

Answer

7000 feet

Question 5

What is an appropriate reaction when a passenger during cruise flight suddenly feels uncomfortable?

Accepted Answer

Adjust cabin temperature and prevent excessive bank

Answer

Avoid conversation and choose a higher airspeed

Answer

Switch on the heater blower and provide thermal blankets

Answer

Give additional oxygen and avoid low load factors

Question 6

The ongoing process to monitor the current flight situation is called...

Accepted Answer

Situational awareness.

Answer

Situational thinking.

Answer

Anticipatory check procedure.

Answer

Constant flight check.

Question 7

Which of the human senses is most influenced by hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

The visual perception (vision)

Answer

The oltfactory perception (smell)

Answer

The tactile perception (sense of touch)

Answer

The auditory perception (hearing)

Question 8

Wings level after a longer period of turning can lead to the impression of...

Accepted Answer

Turning into the opposite direction.

Answer

Starting a climb.

Answer

Steady turning in the same direction as before.

Answer

Starting a descent.

Question 9

In which situation is it NOT possible to achieve a pressure compensation between the middle ear and the environment?

Accepted Answer

The eustachien tube is blocked

Answer

During a light and slow climb

Answer

Breathing takes place using the mouth only

Answer

All windows are completely closed

Question 10

A Grey-out is the result of...

Accepted Answer

Positive g-forces.

Answer

Hyperventilation.

Answer

Tiredness.

Answer

Hypoxia.

Question 11

The majority of aviation accidents are caused by...

Accepted Answer

Human failure.

Answer

Technical failure.

Answer

Meteorological influences.

Answer

Geographical influences.

Question 12

At which point in the diagram will a pilot find himself to be overstrained? See figure (HPL-002) P = Perfromance A = Arousal / Stress Siehe Anlage 1

Accepted Answer

Point D

Answer

Point B

Answer

Point C

Answer

Point A

Question 13

Visual illusions are mostly caused by...

Accepted Answer

Misinterpretation of the brain.

Answer

Binocular vision.

Answer

Colour blindness.

Answer

Rapid eye movements.

Question 14

Which characteristic is important when choosing sunglasses used by pilots?

Accepted Answer

Non-polarised

Answer

Curved sidepiece

Answer

Unbreakable

Answer

No UV filter

Question 15

The ideal level of arousal is at which point in the diagram? See figure (HPL- 002) P = Performance A = Arousal / Stress Siehe Anlage 1

Accepted Answer

Point B

Answer

Point C

Answer

Point D

Answer

Point A

Question 16

Which statement is correct with regard to the short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

It can store 7 (±2) items for 10 to 20 seconds

Answer

It can store 5 (±2) items for 1 to 2 minutes

Answer

It can store 10 (±5) items for 30 to 60 seconds

Answer

It can store 3 (±1) items for 5 to 10 seconds

Question 17

In what different ways can a risk be handled appropriately?

Accepted Answer

Avoid, reduce, transfer, accept

Answer

Avoid, ignore, palliate, reduce

Answer

Extrude, avoid, palliate, transfer

Answer

Ignore, accept, transfer, extrude

Question 18

Regarding the communication model, how can the use of the same code during radio communication be ensured?

Accepted Answer

By the use of radio phraseology

Answer

By the use of proper headsets

Answer

By a particular frequency allocation

Answer

By using radios certified for aviation use only

Question 19

A risk factor for decompression sickness is...

Accepted Answer

Scuba diving prior to flight.

Answer

Sports.

Answer

100 % oxygen after decompression.

Answer

Smoking.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hyperventilaton?

Accepted Answer

Cyanose

Answer

Disturbance of consciousness

Answer

Spasm

Answer

Tingling

Question 21

The occurence of a vertigo is most likely when moving the head...

Accepted Answer

During a turn.

Answer

During a straight horizontal flight.

Answer

During a climb.

Answer

During a descent.

Question 22

During flight you have to solve a problem, how to you proceed?

Accepted Answer

Primarily fly the airplane and keep it stable, then attend to the problem and keep flying the airplane

Answer

There is no time for solving problems during flight

Answer

Solve problem immediately, otherwise refer to the operationg handbook

Answer

Contact other pilot via radio for help, keep flying

Question 23

Which of the following symptoms may indicate hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Blue discolouration of lips and fingernails

Answer

Joint pain in knees and feet

Answer

Muscle cramps in the upper body area

Answer

Blue marks all over the body

Question 24

Complacency is a risk due to...

Accepted Answer

Increased cockpit automation.

Answer

The high error rate of technical systems.

Answer

The high number of mistakes normally made by humans.

Answer

Better training options for young pilots.

Question 25

What is an indication for a macho attitude?

Accepted Answer

Risky flight maneuvers to impress spectators on ground

Answer

Comprehensive risk assessment when faced with unfamiliar situations

Answer

Quick resignation in complex and critical situations

Answer

Careful walkaround procedure

Question 26

What is the correct term for the system which, among others, controls breathing, digestion, and heart frequency?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Critical nervous system

Answer

Automatical nervous system

Answer

Compliant nervous system

Question 27

From which altitude on does the body usually react to the decreasing atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

7000 feet

Answer

2000 feet

Answer

10000 feet

Answer

12000 feet

Question 28

Carbon monoxide poisoning can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Smoking.

Answer

Alcohol.

Answer

Unhealthy food.

Answer

Little sleep.

Question 29

What is the function of the red blood cells (erythrocytes)?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen transport

Answer

Blood coagulation

Answer

Blood sugar regulation

Answer

Immune defense

Question 30

Under which circumstances is it more likely to accept higher risks?

Accepted Answer

Due to group-dynamic effects

Answer

If there is not enough information available

Answer

During check flights due to a high level of nervousness

Answer

During flight planning when excellent weather is forecast

Question 31

Which of the following qualities are influenced by stress? 1. Attention 2. Concentration 3. Responsiveness 4. Memory

Accepted Answer

1, 2, 3, 4

Answer

.1, 2, 3

Answer

.2, 4

Answer

1

Question 32

For what approximate time period can the short-time memory store information?

Accepted Answer

10 to 20 seconds

Answer

3 to 7 seconds

Answer

35 to 50 seconds

Answer

30 to 40 seconds

Question 33

What impression may be caused when approaching a runway with an upslope?

Accepted Answer

An overshoot

Answer

An undershoot

Answer

A landing beside the centerline

Answer

A hard landing

Question 34

Which factor can lead to human error?

Accepted Answer

The bias to see what we expect to see

Answer

Proper use of checklists

Answer

Double check of relevant actions

Answer

To be doubtful if something looks unclear or ambiguous

Question 35

The connection between middle ear and nose and throat region is called...

Accepted Answer

Eustachian tube.

Answer

Inner ear.

Answer

Eardrum.

Answer

Cochlea.

Question 36

What is the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere at 6000 ft?

Accepted Answer

21 %

Answer

78 %

Answer

12 %

Answer

18.9 %

Question 37

Which answer is correct concerning stress?

Accepted Answer

Stress can occur if there seems to be no solution for a given problem

Answer

Everybody reacts to stress in the same manner

Answer

Stress and its different symptoms are irrelevant for flight safety

Answer

Training and experience have no influence on the occurence of stress

Question 38

Air consists of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases. What is the approximate percentage of other gases?

Accepted Answer

1 %

Answer

21 %

Answer

78 %

Answer

0.1 %

Question 39

Which of the following options does NOT stimulate motion sickness (disorientation)?

Accepted Answer

Non-accelerated straight and level flight

Answer

Head movements during turns

Answer

Turbulence in level flight

Answer

Flying under the influence of alcohol

Question 40

The average decrease of blood alcohol level for an adult in one hour is approximately...

Accepted Answer

0.01 percent.

Answer

0.03 percent.

Answer

0.1 percent.

Answer

0.3 percent.

Question 41

Which of the following is responsible for the blood coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Blood plates (thrombocytes)

Answer

Capillaries of the arteries

Answer

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Answer

White blood cells (leucocytes)

Question 42

Which optical illusion might be caused by a runway with an upslope during the approach?

Accepted Answer

The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too high and therefore descents below the regular glide slope

Answer

The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too low and therefore approaches the runway above the regular glide slope

Answer

The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too slow and speeds up above the normal approach speed

Answer

The pilot has the feeling that the approach is too fast and reduces the speed below the normal approach speed

Question 43

What is the function of the white blood cells (leucocytes)?

Accepted Answer

Immune defense

Answer

Blood coagulation

Answer

Oxygen transport

Answer

Blood sugar regulation

Question 44

Which dangerous attitudes are often combined?

Accepted Answer

Macho and invulnerability

Answer

Invulnerability and self-abandonment

Answer

Self-abandonment and macho

Answer

Impulsivity and carefulness

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

Diving

Answer

Blood donation

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Menstruation

Question 46

The "swiss cheese model" can be used to explain the...

Accepted Answer

Error chain.

Answer

State of readiness of a pilot.

Answer

Procedure for an emergency landing.

Answer

Optimal problem solution.

Question 47

What ist the correct term for an involuntary and stereotypical reaction of an organism to the stimulation of a receptor?

Accepted Answer

Reflex

Answer

Reduction

Answer

Coherence

Answer

Virulence

Question 48

What is a latent error?

Accepted Answer

An error which remains undetected in the system for a long time

Answer

An error which only has consequences after landing

Answer

An error which has an immediate effect on the controls

Answer

An error which is made by the pilot actively and consciously

Question 49

What is the function of the blood platelets (thrombocytes)?

Accepted Answer

Blood coagulation

Answer

Oxygen transport

Answer

Blood sugar regulation

Answer

Immune defense

Question 50

What is the percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

78 %

Answer

21 %

Answer

0.1 %

Answer

1 %

Question 51

At which altitude is the atmospheric pressure approximately half the MSL value (1013 hPa)?

Accepted Answer

18000 ft

Answer

22000 ft

Answer

10000 ft

Answer

5000 ft

Question 52

Which answer states a risk factor for diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Overweight

Answer

Sleep deficiency

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Alcohol consumption

Exam simulation Human Performance and limitations SPL - Sailplane Pilot License

Exam simulation SPL Human Performance and limitations 120 questions on 120 minutes