Exam quiz Meteorology - PPL(A) - Private Pilot License

Question 1

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

Accepted Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

Answer

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

Answer

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Answer

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

Question 2

What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?

Accepted Answer

Variable winds, formation of local wind systems

Answer

Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds

Answer

Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing

Answer

Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering

Question 3

The movement of air flowing apart is called...

Accepted Answer

Divergence

Answer

Convergence

Answer

Concordence

Answer

Subsidence

Question 4

What pressure pattern may result from cold-air inflow in high tropospheric layers?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a low in the upper troposphere

Answer

Formation of a high in the upper troposphere

Answer

Formation of a large ground low

Answer

Alternating pressure

Question 5

Which answer contains every state of water found in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Liquid, solid, and gaseous

Answer

Liquid and solid

Answer

Gaseous and liquid

Answer

Liquid

Question 6

What clouds and weather can typically be observed during the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Strongly developed cumulus clouds (Cb) with showers of rain and thunderstorms, gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Question 7

How do dew point and relative humidity change with decreasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity increases

Answer

Dew point remains constant, relative humidity decreases

Answer

Dew point decreases, relative humidity increases

Answer

Dew point increases, relative humidity decreases

Question 8

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Accepted Answer

Gust front

Answer

Electrical discharge

Answer

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Answer

Freezing Rain

Question 9

With regard to thunderstorms, strong up- and downdrafts appear during the...

Accepted Answer

Mature stage

Answer

Initial stage.

Answer

Dissipating stage

Answer

Thunderstorm stage.

Question 10

What are the air masses that Central Europe is mainly influenced by?

Accepted Answer

Polar cold air and tropical warm air

Answer

Arctic and polar cold air

Answer

Equatorial and tropical warm air

Answer

Tropical and arctic cold air

Question 11

Air descending behind a mountain range is defined as...

Accepted Answer

Katabatic wind

Answer

Convergent wind.

Answer

Anabatic wind.

Answer

Divergent wind.

Question 12

Information about pressure patterns and frontal situation can be found in which chart?

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart.

Answer

Wind chart.

Answer

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

Answer

Hypsometric chart.

Question 13

With regard to global circulation within the atmosphere, where does polar cold air meets subtropical warm air?

Accepted Answer

At the polar front

Answer

At the equator

Answer

At the geographic poles

Answer

At the subtropical high pressure belt

Question 14

What process causes latent heat being released into the upper troposphere?

Accepted Answer

Cloud forming due to condensation

Answer

Descending air across widespread areas

Answer

Stabilisation of inflowing air masses

Answer

Evaporation over widespread water areas

Question 15

What condition may prevent the formation of "radiation fog"?

Accepted Answer

Overcast cloud cover

Answer

Calm wind

Answer

Low spread

Answer

Clear night, no clouds

Question 16

The barometric altimeter with QNH setting indicates...

Accepted Answer

Height above MSL.

Answer

Height above standard pressure 1013.25 hPa

Answer

Height above the pressure level at airfield elevation

Answer

True altitude above MSL.

Question 17

How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Answer

Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)

Answer

Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)

Question 18

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

Accepted Answer

The boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

Answer

The boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

Answer

The height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Question 19

The pressure which is measured at a ground station and reduced to mean sea level (MSL) by means of the actual atmospheric conditions is called...

Accepted Answer

QFF

Answer

QNH

Answer

QNE

Answer

QFE

Question 20

How does air temperatur change in ISA from MSL to approx. 10.000 m height?

Accepted Answer

From +15° to -50°C

Answer

From +20° to -40°C

Answer

From +30° to -40°C

Answer

From -15° to 50°C

Question 21

What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to strong updrafts

Answer

High humidity and high temperatures

Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation

Question 22

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Accepted Answer

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Gpdam

Answer

Degrees Fahrenheit

Question 23

What weather conditions can be expected during "Foehn" on the windward side of a mountain range?

Accepted Answer

Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain

Answer

Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds

Answer

Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms

Answer

Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)

Question 24

What clouds and weather may result from an humid and instable air mass, that is pushed against a chain of mountains by the predominant wind and forced to rise?

Accepted Answer

Embedded CB with thunderstorms and showers of hail and/or rain.

Answer

Thin Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds with light and steady precipitation.

Answer

Overcast low stratus (high fog) with no precipitation.

Answer

Smooth, unstructured NS cloud with light drizzle or snow (during winter)

Question 25

In a METAR, "(moderate) showers of rain" are designated by the identifier...

Accepted Answer

SHRA

Answer

+RA

Answer

+TSRA

Answer

TS

Question 26

Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?

Accepted Answer

Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface

Answer

Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean

Answer

Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night

Answer

Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air

Question 27

Clouds are basically distinguished by what types?

Accepted Answer

Cumulus and stratiform clouds

Answer

Stratiform and ice clouds

Answer

Layered and lifted clouds

Answer

Thunderstorm and shower clouds

Question 28

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

Accepted Answer

A selected reference pressure level.

Answer

Mean sea level.

Answer

Standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

Answer

Ground.

Question 29

What temperatures are most dangerous with respect to airframe icing?

Accepted Answer

0° to -12° C

Answer

=+5° to -10° C

Answer

-20° to -40° C

Answer

=+20° to -5° C

Question 30

What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-002). Siehe Anlage 2

Accepted Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Altus

Answer

Cirrus

Question 31

How is an air mass described when moving to Central Europe via the Russian continent during winter?

Accepted Answer

Continental polar air

Answer

Maritime tropical air

Answer

Continental tropical air

Answer

Maritime polar air

Question 32

Winds blowing uphill are defined as...

Accepted Answer

Anabatic winds

Answer

Katabatic winds.

Answer

Convergent winds

Answer

Subsident winds.

Question 33

What visual flight conditions can be expected after the passage of a cold front?

Accepted Answer

Good visiblity, formation of cumulus clouds with showers of rain or snow

Answer

Scattered cloud layers, visbility more than 5 km, formation of shallow cumulus clouds

Answer

Medium visibility with lowering cloud bases, onset of prolonged precipitation

Answer

Poor visibility, formation of overcast or ground-covering stratus clouds, snow

Question 34

What is the ISA standard pressure at FL 180 (5500 m)?

Accepted Answer

500 hPa

Answer

250 hPa

Answer

300 hPa

Answer

1013.25 hPa

Question 35

The altimeter can be checked on the ground by setting...

Accepted Answer

QNH and comparing the indication with the airfield elevation.

Answer

QFE and comparing the indication with the airfield elevation.

Answer

QNE and checking that the indication shows zero on the ground.

Answer

QFF and comparing the indication with the airfield elevation.

Question 36

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Answer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As

Answer

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

Answer

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Question 37

What weather is likely to be experienced during "Foehn" in the Bavarian area close to the alps?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the southern alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind

Answer

High pressure area overhead Biskaya and low pressure area in Eastern Europe

Answer

Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the alps, flat pressure pattern

Answer

Nimbostratus cloud in the northern alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind

Question 38

Extensive high pressure areas can be found throughout the year ...

Accepted Answer

Over oceanic areas at latitues around 30°N/S.

Answer

In areeas showing extensive lifting processes

Answer

In mid latitudes along the polar front

Answer

In tropical areas, close to the equator

Question 39

The saturated adiabatic lapse rate should be assumed with a mean value of:

Accepted Answer

0,6° C / 100 m

Answer

1,0° C / 100 m.

Answer

0° C / 100 m

Answer

2° C / 1000 ft.

Question 40

The symbol labeled (1) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Cold front.

Answer

Front aloft.

Answer

Occlusion

Answer

Warm front

Question 41

Which type of cloud is associated with prolonged rain?

Accepted Answer

Nimbostratus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Cirrostratus

Answer

Altocumulus

Question 42

Which of the following conditions are most favourable for ice accretion?

Accepted Answer

Temperatures between 0° C and -12° C, presence of supercooled water droplets (clouds)

Answer

Temperaturs below 0° C, strong wind, sky clear of clouds

Answer

Temperatures between +10° C and -30° C, presence of hail (clouds)

Answer

Temperatures between -20° C and -40° C, presence of ice crystals (Ci clouds)

Question 43

Mountain side updrafts can be intensified by ...

Accepted Answer

Solar irradiation on the windward side

Answer

Solar irradiation on the lee side

Answer

By warming of upper atmospheric layers

Answer

Thermal radiation of the windward side during the night

Question 44

What weather development will result from convergence at ground level?

Accepted Answer

Ascending air and cloud formation

Answer

Descending air and cloud formation

Answer

Ascending air and cloud dissipation

Answer

Descending air and cloud dissipation

Question 45

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

Accepted Answer

Ground cooling during the night.

Answer

Large-scale lifting of air.

Answer

Intensifying and gusting winds

Answer

Thickening of clouds in medium layers.

Question 46

Which weather chart shows the actual air pressure as in MSL along with pressure centers and fronts?

Accepted Answer

Surface weather chart

Answer

Hypsometric chart

Answer

Prognostic chart

Answer

Wind chart

Question 47

What wind is reportet as 225/15 ?

Accepted Answer

South-west wind with 15 kt

Answer

North-east wind with 15 kt

Answer

South-west wind with 15 km/h

Answer

North-east wind with 15 km/h

Question 48

Under which conditions "back side weather" ("Rückseitenwetter") can be expected?

Accepted Answer

After passing of a cold front

Answer

Before passing of an occlusion

Answer

During Foehn at the lee side

Answer

After passing of a warm front

Question 49

What frontal line divides subtropical air from polar cold air, in particular across Central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Polar front

Answer

Occlusion

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Warm front

Question 50

Weather and operational information about the destination aerodrome can be obtained during the flight by...

Accepted Answer

ATIS

Answer

VOLMET

Answer

PIREP

Answer

SIGMET

Question 51

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Accepted Answer

The presence of an inversion layer

Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

The spread

Answer

The absolute humidity

Question 52

What can be expected for the prevailling wind with isobars on a surface weather chart showing large distances?

Accepted Answer

Low pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind

Answer

Strong pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind

Answer

Strong pressure gradients resulting in low prevailling wind

Answer

Low pressure gradients resulting in strong prevailling wind

Question 53

The symbol labeled (2) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) (1,00 P.) Siehe Anlage 4

Accepted Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Front aloft

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Occlusion.

Question 54

What has to be considered when taking off in a ground inversion?

Accepted Answer

During climb, a sudden decrease in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Answer

Climb should be performed with the lowest possible speed and maximum power

Answer

Due to low temperatures close to the ground, icing has to be expected

Answer

During the climb, a sudden increase in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Question 55

What cloud sequence can typically be observed during the passage of a warm front?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus, thickening altostratus and altocumulus clouds, lowering cloud base with rain, nimbostratus

Answer

In coastal areas during daytime wind from the coast and forming of cumulus clouds, dissipation of clouds during evening and night

Answer

Wind becoming calm, dissipation of clouds and warming during summer; formation of extended high fog layers during winter

Answer

Squall line with showers of rain and thunderstorms (Cb), gusting wind followed by cumulus clouds with isolated showers of rain

Question 56

The formation of medium to large precipitation particles requires...

Accepted Answer

Strong updrafts.

Answer

A high cloud base.

Answer

Strong wind.

Answer

An inversion layer.

Question 57

Clouds in high layers are referred to as...

Accepted Answer

Cirro-

Answer

Nimbo-.

Answer

Strato-.

Answer

Alto-

Question 58

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Accepted Answer

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Answer

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Answer

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Answer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Question 59

With other factors remaining constant, decreasing temperature results in...

Accepted Answer

Decreasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Answer

Decreasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and decreasing relative humidity.

Answer

Increasing spread and increasing relative humidity.

Question 60

A boundary between a cold polar air mass and a warm subtropical air mass showing no horizontal displacement is called...

Accepted Answer

Stationary front.

Answer

Cold front

Answer

Warm front.

Answer

Occluded front.

Question 61

What danger is most imminent during an approach to an airfield situated in a valley, with strong wind aloft blowing perpendicular to the mountain ridge?

Accepted Answer

Wind shear during descent, wind direction may change by 180°

Answer

Reduced visibilty, maybe loss of sight to the airfield during final approach

Answer

Formation of medium to heavy clear ice on all aircraft surfaces

Answer

Heavy downdrafts within rainfall areas below thunderstorm clouds

Question 62

What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

Accepted Answer

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Answer

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

Answer

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Answer

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

Question 63

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?

Accepted Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidit

Answer

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Answer

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Question 64

What visual flight conditions can be expected within the warm sector of a polar front low during summer time?

Accepted Answer

Moderate to good visibility, scattered clouds

Answer

Visibilty less than 1000 m, cloud-covered ground

Answer

Good visibility, some isolated high clouds

Answer

Moderate visibility, heavy showers and thunderstorms

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