JAR-OPS 1 requires that a co-pilot does not serve at the flight controls (as pilot flying or pilot non-flying) as part of the minimum certificated crew unless:
Domanda 118, Operational Procedures - ATPL - Airline Transport Pilot license
| He has operated the controls as a pilot for three take-offs and landings in an aeroplane in the preceding 90 days. |
| He has operated the controls as a pilot for three take-offs and landings in an aeroplane of the same type/class or in a flight simulator of the aeroplane type to be used in the preceding 60 days. |
| He has operated the controls as a pilot for three take-offs and landings in an aeroplane in the preceding 60 days. |
| He has operated the controls as pilot flying for three take-offs and landings in an aeroplane of the same type/class or in a flight simulator of the aeroplane type to be used in the preceding 90 days. |
